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This paper provides a simplification on OpenVision's architecture and loss design for enhancing its training efficiency. Following the prior vision-language pretraining works CapPa and AIMv2, as well as modern multimodal designs like LLaVA,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Yanqing Liu , Xianhang Li , Letian Zhang , Zirui Wang , Zeyu Zheng , Yuyin Zhou , Cihang Xie

Video Large Language Models (VLLMs) demonstrate strong video understanding but suffer from inefficiency due to redundant visual tokens. Existing pruning primary targets intra-frame spatial redundancy or prunes inside the LLM with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Jinlong Li , Liyuan Jiang , Haonan Zhang , Nicu Sebe

In this paper we propose an approach for learning low dimensional optimized feature space with minimum intra-class variance and maximum inter-class variance. We address the problem of high-dimensionality of feature vectors extracted from…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-31 Abin Jose , Erik Stefan Ottlik , Christian Rohlfing , Jens-Rainer Ohm

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have achieved significant breakthroughs by leveraging Large Vision Language Models (VLMs) to jointly interpret instructions and visual inputs. However, the substantial increase in visual tokens,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Haosheng Li , Weixin Mao , Zihan Lan , Hongwei Xiong , Hongan Wang , Chenyang Si , Ziwei Liu , Xiaoming Deng , Hua Chen

Training vision-language models (VLMs) for medical report generation is often hindered by the scarcity of high-quality annotated data. This work evaluates the use of a weighted loss function to improve data efficiency. Compared to standard…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Alexander Weers , Daniel Rueckert , Martin J. Menten

Visual error metrics play a fundamental role in the quantification of perceived image similarity. Most recently, use cases for them in real-time applications have emerged, such as content-adaptive shading and shading reuse to increase…

Graphics · Computer Science 2023-10-16 João Libório Cardoso , Bernhard Kerbl , Lei Yang , Yury Uralsky , Michael Wimmer

Seeing clearly with high resolution is a foundation of Large Multimodal Models (LMMs), which has been proven to be vital for visual perception and reasoning. Existing works usually employ a straightforward resolution upscaling method, where…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Yi-Fan Zhang , Qingsong Wen , Chaoyou Fu , Xue Wang , Zhang Zhang , Liang Wang , Rong Jin

Existing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) follow the paradigm that perceives visual information by aligning visual features with the input space of Large Language Models (LLMs), and concatenating visual tokens with text tokens to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Feipeng Ma , Hongwei Xue , Guangting Wang , Yizhou Zhou , Fengyun Rao , Shilin Yan , Yueyi Zhang , Siying Wu , Mike Zheng Shou , Xiaoyan Sun

Recent multimodal large language models are computationally expensive because Transformers must process a large number of visual tokens. We present ReDiPrune, a training-free token pruning method applied before the vision-language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 An Yu , Ting Yu Tsai , Zhenfei Zhang , Weiheng Lu , Felix X. -F. Ye , Ming-Ching Chang

Token reduction is an effective way to accelerate long-video vision-language models (VLMs), but most existing methods are designed for dense Transformers and do not directly account for hybrid architectures that interleave attention with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jindong Jiang , Amala Sanjay Deshmukh , Kateryna Chumachenko , Karan Sapra , Zhiding Yu , Guilin Liu , Andrew Tao , Pavlo Molchanov , Jan Kautz , Wonmin Byeon

While nowadays visual anomaly detection algorithms use deep neural networks to extract salient features from images, the high dimensionality of extracted features makes it difficult to apply those algorithms to large data with 1000s of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Teng-Yok Lee

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) process thousands of visual tokens per image alongside comparatively few text tokens, yet existing compression methods treat both modalities uniformly. We observe that the two modalities have fundamentally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yilin Feng , Ahmed Burak Gulhan , Mahmut Taylan Kandemir

Vision-language models (VLMs) excel in tasks such as visual question answering and image captioning. However, VLMs are often limited by their use of pretrained image encoders, like CLIP, leading to image understanding errors that hinder…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Aristeidis Panos , Rahaf Aljundi , Daniel Olmeda Reino , Richard E. Turner

In this paper, we introduce the big.LITTLE Vision Transformer, an innovative architecture aimed at achieving efficient visual recognition. This dual-transformer system is composed of two distinct blocks: the big performance block,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-15 He Guo , Yulong Wang , Zixuan Ye , Jifeng Dai , Yuwen Xiong

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) is widely used for parameter-efficient fine-tuning, but its standard all-token, all-head design ignores the heterogeneous structure of vision language model (VLM) inputs. We introduce \emph{Image-LoRA}, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Tiange Luo , Lajanugen Logeswaran , Jaekyeom Kim , Justin Johnson , Honglak Lee

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have demonstrated significant potential in complex scene understanding and action reasoning, leading to their increasing adoption in end-to-end autonomous driving systems. However, the long visual tokens…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Jiajun Cao , Qizhe Zhang , Peidong Jia , Xuhui Zhao , Bo Lan , Xiaoan Zhang , Zhuo Li , Xiaobao Wei , Sixiang Chen , Liyun Li , Xianming Liu , Ming Lu , Yang Wang , Shanghang Zhang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have demonstrated remarkable generalization capabilities in robotic manipulation tasks, yet their substantial computational overhead remains a critical obstacle to real-world deployment. Improving…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yujie Wei , Jiahan Fan , Jiyu Guo , Ruichen Zhen , Rui Shao , Xiu Su , Zeke Xie , Shuo Yang

Online video understanding is essential for applications like public surveillance and AI glasses. However, applying Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) to this domain is challenging due to the large number of video frames, resulting in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Xinqi Jin , Hanxun Yu , Bohan Yu , Kebin Liu , Jian Liu , Keda Tao , Yixuan Pei , Huan Wang , Fan Dang , Jiangchuan Liu , Weiqiang Wang

Visual token compression is widely adopted to improve the inference efficiency of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs), enabling their deployment in latency-sensitive and resource-constrained scenarios. However, existing work has mainly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Xiaomei Zhang , Zhaoxi Zhang , Leo Yu Zhang , Yanjun Zhang , Guanhong Tao , Shirui Pan

This paper explores the possibility of learning custom tokens for representing new concepts in Vision-Language Models (VLMs). Our aim is to learn tokens that can be effective for both discriminative and generative tasks while composing well…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Pramuditha Perera , Matthew Trager , Luca Zancato , Alessandro Achille , Stefano Soatto