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Sequence-to-sequence models are commonly trained via maximum likelihood estimation (MLE). However, standard MLE training considers a word-level objective, predicting the next word given the previous ground-truth partial sentence. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-01-21 Liqun Chen , Yizhe Zhang , Ruiyi Zhang , Chenyang Tao , Zhe Gan , Haichao Zhang , Bai Li , Dinghan Shen , Changyou Chen , Lawrence Carin

Knowledge distillation is one of the most effective methods for model compression. Previous studies have focused on the student model effectively training the predictive distribution of the teacher model. However, during training, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Junseok Lee , Nahoon Kim , Sangyong Lee , Chang-Jae Chun

Large Language Models (LLMs) that can express interpretable and calibrated uncertainty are crucial in high-stakes domains. While methods to compute uncertainty post-hoc exist, they are often sampling-based and therefore computationally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Azza Jenane , Nassim Walha , Lukas Kuhn , Florian Buettner

Structured dropout approaches, such as attention dropout and DropHead, have been investigated to regularize the multi-head attention mechanism in Transformers. In this paper, we propose a new regularization scheme based on token-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Yangjun Wu , Kebin Fang , Dongxiang Zhang , Han Wang , Hao Zhang , Gang Chen

Diffusion large language models (dLLMs) offer a promising paradigm for parallel text generation, but in practice they face an accuracy-parallelism trade-off, where increasing tokens per forward (TPF) often degrades generation quality.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Haoyang Zhou , Li Kong , Shijie Ren , Xiting Wang , Shuang Liang , Guowei Wang , Zhenxuan Pan

With the advancement of self-supervised learning (SSL), fine-tuning pretrained SSL models for mean opinion score (MOS) prediction has achieved state-of-the-art performance. However, during fine-tuning, these SSL-based MOS prediction models…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Jianing Yang , Wataru Nakata , Yuki Saito , Hiroshi Saruwatari

Self-supervised vision-and-language pretraining (VLP) aims to learn transferable multi-modal representations from large-scale image-text data and to achieve strong performances on a broad scope of vision-language tasks after finetuning.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Yongfei Liu , Chenfei Wu , Shao-yen Tseng , Vasudev Lal , Xuming He , Nan Duan

Recently, pre-trained language models mostly follow the pre-train-then-fine-tuning paradigm and have achieved great performance on various downstream tasks. However, since the pre-training stage is typically task-agnostic and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Yuxian Gu , Zhengyan Zhang , Xiaozhi Wang , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Large language models (LLMs) often experience language confusion, which is the unintended mixing of languages during text generation. Current solutions to this problem either necessitate model retraining or cannot differentiate between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Collin Zhang , Fei Huang , Chenhan Yuan , Junyang Lin

Deploying language models often requires navigating accuracy vs. performance trade-offs to meet latency constraints while preserving utility. Traditional model distillation reduces size but incurs substantial costs through training separate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Andrea Gurioli , Federico Pennino , João Monteiro , Maurizio Gabbrielli

Recently, prompt tuning \cite{lester2021power} has gradually become a new paradigm for NLP, which only depends on the representation of the words by freezing the parameters of pre-trained language models (PLMs) to obtain remarkable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-31 Pan He , Yuxi Chen , Yan Wang , Yanru Zhang

This paper introduces Unilogit, a novel self-distillation method for machine unlearning in Large Language Models. Unilogit addresses the challenge of selectively forgetting specific information while maintaining overall model utility, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Stefan Vasilev , Christian Herold , Baohao Liao , Seyyed Hadi Hashemi , Shahram Khadivi , Christof Monz

We address the challenge of getting efficient yet accurate recognition systems with limited labels. While recognition models improve with model size and amount of data, many specialized applications of computer vision have severe resource…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Kenneth Borup , Cheng Perng Phoo , Bharath Hariharan

Machine unlearning is an emerging technique that removes the influence of a subset of training data (forget set) from a model without full retraining, with applications including privacy protection, content moderation, and model correction.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Hong kyu Lee , Ruixuan Liu , Li Xiong

Knowledge distillation (KD) is a widely adopted and effective method for compressing models in object detection tasks. Particularly, feature-based distillation methods have shown remarkable performance. Existing approaches often ignore the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Junfei Yi , Jianxu Mao , Tengfei Liu , Mingjie Li , Hanyu Gu , Hui Zhang , Xiaojun Chang , Yaonan Wang

Knowledge distillation is a widely adopted technique for transferring capabilities from LLMs to smaller, more efficient student models. However, unauthorized use of knowledge distillation takes unfair advantage of the considerable effort…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Xinhang Ma , William Yeoh , Ning Zhang , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik

Despite the effectiveness of recurrent neural network language models, their maximum likelihood estimation suffers from two limitations. It treats all sentences that do not match the ground truth as equally poor, ignoring the structure of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-15 Maha Elbayad , Laurent Besacier , Jakob Verbeek

Accurately identifying student misconceptions is crucial for personalized education but faces three challenges: (1) data scarcity with long-tail distribution, where authentic student reasoning is difficult to synthesize; (2) fuzzy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Qirui Liu , Hao Chen , Weijie Shi , Jiajie Xu , Jia Zhu

Recent multilingual pre-trained language models have achieved remarkable zero-shot performance, where the model is only finetuned on one source language and directly evaluated on target languages. In this work, we propose a self-learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Liyan Xu , Xuchao Zhang , Xujiang Zhao , Haifeng Chen , Feng Chen , Jinho D. Choi

Discrete masked diffusion language models such as LLaDA generate text through iterative denoising, where mask tokens are progressively replaced with predicted tokens. LLaDA2.1 introduced a Token-to-Token (T2T) editing mechanism that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Lin Yao