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Drawing from the resources of psychoanalysis and critical media studies, in this paper we develop an analysis of Large Language Models (LLMs) as automated subjects. We argue the intentional fictional projection of subjectivity onto LLMs can…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Liam Magee , Vanicka Arora , Luke Munn

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used as conversational agents, exploiting their capabilities in various sectors such as education, law, medicine, and more. However, LLMs are often subjected to context-shifting behaviour, resulting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Pranav Bhandari , Nicolas Fay , Michael Wise , Amitava Datta , Stephanie Meek , Usman Naseem , Mehwish Nasim

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate increasing conversational fluency, yet instilling them with nuanced, human-like emotional expression remains a significant challenge. Current alignment techniques often address surface-level output…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Niranjan Chebrolu , Gerard Christopher Yeo , Kokil Jaidka

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly employed for decision-support across multiple domains. We investigate whether these models display a systematic preferential bias in favor of artificial intelligence (AI) itself. Across three…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Benaya Trabelsi , Jonathan Shaki , Sarit Kraus

The rapid rise in popularity of Large Language Models (LLMs) with emerging capabilities has spurred public curiosity to evaluate and compare different LLMs, leading many researchers to propose their own LLM benchmarks. Noticing preliminary…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Timothy R. McIntosh , Teo Susnjak , Nalin Arachchilage , Tong Liu , Paul Watters , Malka N. Halgamuge

Humans align to one another in conversation -- adopting shared conventions that ease communication. We test whether LLMs form the same kinds of conventions in a multimodal communication game. Both humans and LLMs display evidence of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Cameron R. Jones , Agnese Lombardi , Kyle Mahowald , Benjamin K. Bergen

Traditional methods for eliciting people's opinions face a trade-off between depth and scale: structured surveys enable large-scale data collection but limit respondents' ability to voice their opinions in their own words, while…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Alexander Wuttke , Matthias Aßenmacher , Christopher Klamm , Max M. Lang , Quirin Würschinger , Frauke Kreuter

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used as proxies for human subjects in social science surveys, but their reliability and susceptibility to known human-like response biases, such as central tendency, opinion floating and primacy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Jens Rupprecht , Georg Ahnert , Markus Strohmaier

Language models (LMs) trained on vast quantities of text data can acquire sophisticated skills such as generating summaries, answering questions or generating code. However, they also manifest behaviors that violate human preferences, e.g.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Tomasz Korbak

Language models (LMs) are increasingly being used in open-ended contexts, where the opinions reflected by LMs in response to subjective queries can have a profound impact, both on user satisfaction, as well as shaping the views of society…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Shibani Santurkar , Esin Durmus , Faisal Ladhak , Cinoo Lee , Percy Liang , Tatsunori Hashimoto

Language models (LMs) are known to represent the perspectives of some social groups better than others, which may impact their performance, especially on subjective tasks such as content moderation and hate speech detection. To explore how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Zihao He , Siyi Guo , Ashwin Rao , Kristina Lerman

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly shaping human-computer interaction (HCI), from personalized assistants to social simulations. Beyond language competence, researchers are exploring whether LLMs can exhibit human-like…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Jinpeng Wang , Xinyu Jia , Wei Wei Heng , Yuquan Li , Binbin Shi , Qianlei Chen , Guannan Chen , Junxia Zhang , Yuyu Yin

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in generating psychotherapeutic dialogues, particularly in the context of motivational interviewing (MI). However, the inherent lack of transparency in LLM outputs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Xin Sun , Xiao Tang , Abdallah El Ali , Zhuying Li , Pengjie Ren , Jan de Wit , Jiahuan Pei , Jos A. Bosch

Large language models (LLMs) are used to generate content for a wide range of tasks, and are set to reach a growing audience in coming years due to integration in product interfaces like ChatGPT or search engines like Bing. This intensifies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Hannah Rose Kirk , Bertie Vidgen , Paul Röttger , Scott A. Hale

The development of AI agents based on large, open-domain language models (LLMs) has paved the way for the development of general-purpose AI assistants that can support human in tasks such as writing, coding, graphic design, and scientific…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Mustafa Mert Çelikok , Saptarashmi Bandyopadhyay , Robert Loftin

As large language models (LLMs) have progressed towards more human-like and human--AI communications have become prevalent, prompting has emerged as a decisive component. However, there is limited conceptual consensus on what exactly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Do Xuan Long , Duy Dinh , Ngoc-Hai Nguyen , Kenji Kawaguchi , Nancy F. Chen , Shafiq Joty , Min-Yen Kan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained widespread global adoption, showcasing advanced linguistic capabilities across multiple of languages. There is a growing interest in academia to use these models to simulate and study human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Shiran Dudy , Ibrahim Said Ahmad , Ryoko Kitajima , Agata Lapedriza

Large language models (LLMs) have traditionally been aligned through one-size-fits-all approaches that assume uniform human preferences, fundamentally overlooking the diversity in user values and needs. This paper introduces a comprehensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Jia-Nan Li , Jian Guan , Songhao Wu , Wei Wu , Rui Yan

Large language models (LLMs) have made significant strides, extending their applications to dialogue systems, automated content creation, and domain-specific advisory tasks. However, as their use grows, concerns have emerged regarding their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Bing Song , Jianing Liu , Sisi Jian , Chenyang Wu , Vinayak Dixit

Psychological assessment tools have long helped humans understand behavioural patterns. While Large Language Models (LLMs) can generate content comparable to that of humans, we explore whether they exhibit personality traits. To this end,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Pranav Bhandari , Usman Naseem , Amitava Datta , Nicolas Fay , Mehwish Nasim