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This work introduces interactive traffic scenarios in the CARLA simulator, which are based on real-world traffic. We concentrate on tactical tasks lasting several seconds, which are especially challenging for current control methods. The…

The role of simulation in autonomous driving is becoming increasingly important due to the need for rapid prototyping and extensive testing. The use of physics-based simulation involves multiple benefits and advantages at a reasonable cost…

To autonomously control vehicles, driving agents use outputs from a combination of machine-learning (ML) models, controller logic, and custom modules. Although numerous prior works have shown that adversarial examples can mislead ML models…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Henry Wong , Clement Fung , Weiran Lin , Karen Li , Stanley Chen , Lujo Bauer

We present the CARLA corner case simulation (3CSim) for evaluating autonomous driving (AD) systems within the CARLA simulator. This framework is designed to address the limitations of traditional AD model training by focusing on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Matúš Čávojský , Eugen Šlapak , Matúš Dopiriak , Gabriel Bugár , Juraj Gazda

Developing reliable autonomous driving algorithms poses challenges in testing, particularly when it comes to safety-critical traffic scenarios involving pedestrians. An open question is how to simulate rare events, not necessarily found in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Yuhang Yang , Kalle Kujanpaa , Amin Babadi , Joni Pajarinen , Alexander Ilin

We introduce CARLA, an open-source simulator for autonomous driving research. CARLA has been developed from the ground up to support development, training, and validation of autonomous urban driving systems. In addition to open-source code…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-13 Alexey Dosovitskiy , German Ros , Felipe Codevilla , Antonio Lopez , Vladlen Koltun

Autonomous vehicles need safe development and testing environments. Many traffic scenarios are such that they cannot be tested in the real world. We see hybrid photorealistic simulation as a viable tool for developing AI (artificial…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Jussi Hanhirova , Anton Debner , Matias Hyyppä , Vesa Hirvisalo

Traffic simulation is an efficient and cost-effective way to test Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) in a complex and dynamic environment. Numerous studies have been conducted for AV evaluation using traffic simulation over the past decades.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-10-15 Pei Li , Arpan Kusari , David J. LeBlanc

Simulations are gaining increasingly significance in the field of autonomous driving due to the demand for rapid prototyping and extensive testing. Employing physics-based simulation brings several benefits at an affordable cost, while…

Nowadays, autonomous vehicles are gaining traction due to their numerous potential applications in resolving a variety of other real-world challenges. However, developing autonomous vehicles need huge amount of training and testing before…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Jumman Hossain

Despite recent advances in autonomous driving systems, accidents such as the fatal Uber crash in 2018 show these systems are still susceptible to edge cases. Such systems must be thoroughly tested and validated before being deployed in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-15 Shreyas Ramakrishna , Baiting Luo , Christopher Kuhn , Gabor Karsai , Abhishek Dubey

Given the rapid advance in ITS technologies, future mobility is pointing to vehicular autonomy. However, there is still a long way before full automation, and human intervention is required. This work sheds light on understanding human…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Zheng Xu

Traffic interactions between merging and highway vehicles are a major topic of research, yielding many empirical studies and models of driver behaviour. Most of these studies on merging use naturalistic data. Although this provides insight…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Olger Siebinga , Arkady Zgonnikov , David A. Abbink

For a foreseeable future, autonomous vehicles (AVs) will operate in traffic together with human-driven vehicles. Their planning and control systems need extensive testing, including early-stage testing in simulations where the interactions…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Ran Tian , Nan Li , Ilya Kolmanovsky , Yildiray Yildiz , Anouck Girard

Autonomous driving has been the subject of increased interest in recent years both in industry and in academia. Serious efforts are being pursued to address legal, technical and logistical problems and make autonomous cars a viable option…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-08-31 Nan Li , Dave Oyler , Mengxuan Zhang , Yildiray Yildiz , Ilya Kolmanovsky , Anouck Girard

Autonomous-driving research has recently embraced deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) as a promising framework for data-driven decision making, yet a clear picture of how these algorithms are currently employed, benchmarked and evaluated is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Elahe Delavari , Feeza Khan Khanzada , Jaerock Kwon

Recent work on decision making and planning for autonomous driving has made use of game theoretic methods to model interaction between agents. We demonstrate that methods based on the Stackelberg game formulation of this problem are…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Jack Geary , Subramanian Ramamoorthy , Henry Gouk

Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) i.e., self-driving cars, operate in a safety critical domain, since errors in the autonomous driving software can lead to huge losses. Statistically, road intersections which are a part of the AVs operational…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Zaid Tahir , Rob Alexander

Current validation methods often rely on recorded data and basic functional checks, which may not be sufficient to encompass the scenarios an autonomous vehicle might encounter. In addition, there is a growing need for complex scenarios…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Marc Kaufeld , Rainer Trauth , Johannes Betz

Extensive testing is necessary to ensure the safety of autonomous driving modules. In addition to component tests, the safety assessment of individual modules also requires a holistic view at system level, which can be carried out…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Gemb Kaljavesi , Tobias Kerbl , Tobias Betz , Kirill Mitkovskii , Frank Diermeyer
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