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As AI systems increasingly mediate decisions in domains such as credit scoring and financial forecasting, their lack of transparency and bias raises critical concerns for fairness and public trust. Existing explainable AI (XAI) approaches…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Kausik Lakkaraju , Siva Likitha Valluru , Biplav Srivastava

The increasing use of Machine Learning (ML) in sensitive domains such as healthcare, finance, and public policy has raised concerns about the transparency of automated decisions. Explainable AI (XAI) addresses this by clarifying how models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Natalia Abarca , Andrés Carvallo , Claudia López Moncada , Felipe Bravo-Marquez

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) seeks to enhance the transparency and accountability of machine learning systems, yet most methods follow a one-size-fits-all paradigm that neglects user differences in expertise, goals, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Vittoria Vineis , Matteo Silvestri , Lorenzo Antonelli , Filippo Betello , Gabriele Tolomei

Automated reasoning is a key technology in the young but rapidly growing field of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI). Explanability helps build trust in artificial intelligence systems beyond their mere predictive accuracy and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Ashlin Iser

The field of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) aims to uncover the inner workings of complex deep neural models. While being crucial for safety-critical domains, XAI inherently lacks ground-truth explanations, making its automatic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-14 Robin Hesse , Simone Schaub-Meyer , Stefan Roth

Financial institutions increasingly require AI explanations that are persistent, cross-validated across methods, and conversationally accessible to human decision-makers. We present an architecture for human-centered explainable AI in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Georgios Makridis , Georgios Fatouros , John Soldatos , George Katsis , Dimosthenis Kyriazis

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is a set of techniques that allows the understanding of both technical and non-technical aspects of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems. XAI is crucial to help satisfying the increasingly important…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Riccardo Crupi , Alessandro Castelnovo , Daniele Regoli , Beatriz San Miguel Gonzalez

Explaining the predictions of opaque machine learning algorithms is an important and challenging task, especially as complex models are increasingly used to assist in high-stakes decisions such as those arising in healthcare and finance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-29 David S. Watson

Artificial intelligence explanations can make complex predictive models more comprehensible. To be effective, however, they should anticipate and mitigate possible misinterpretations, e.g., arising when users infer incorrect information…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Yueqing Xuan , Kacper Sokol , Mark Sanderson , Jeffrey Chan

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) enables data-driven understanding of factor associations with response variables, yet communicating XAI outputs to laypersons remains challenging, hindering trust in AI-based predictions. Large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Tomoaki Yamaguchi , Yutong Zhou , Masahiro Ryo , Keisuke Katsura

Explainable AI (XAI) aims to bridge the gap between complex algorithmic systems and human stakeholders. Current discourse often examines XAI in isolation as either a technological tool, user interface, or policy mechanism. This paper…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Joshua L. M. Brand , Luca Nannini

Explainable AI (XAI) aims to provide interpretations for predictions made by learning machines, such as deep neural networks, in order to make the machines more transparent for the user and furthermore trustworthy also for applications in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Kirill Bykov , Marina M. -C. Höhne , Klaus-Robert Müller , Shinichi Nakajima , Marius Kloft

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly expanding and integrating more into daily life to automate tasks, guide decision making, and enhance efficiency. However, complex AI models, which make decisions without providing clear explanations…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Lakshit Arora , Sanjay Surendranath Girija , Shashank Kapoor , Aman Raj , Dipen Pradhan , Ankit Shetgaonkar

Smart home systems are gaining popularity as homeowners strive to enhance their living and working environments while minimizing energy consumption. However, the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled decision-making models in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Md Shajalal , Alexander Boden , Gunnar Stevens , Delong Du , Dean-Robin Kern

Machine learning models need to provide contrastive explanations, since people often seek to understand why a puzzling prediction occurred instead of some expected outcome. Current contrastive explanations are rudimentary comparisons…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Wencan Zhang , Brian Y. Lim

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has experienced a significant growth over the last few years. This is due to the widespread application of machine learning, particularly deep learning, that has led to the development of highly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Giulia Vilone , Luca Longo

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is increasingly required in computational economics, where machine-learning forecasters can outperform classical econometric models but remain difficult to audit and use for policy. This survey…

General Economics · Economics 2025-12-16 Agustín García-García , Pablo Hidalgo , Julio E. Sandubete

Explainable AI (XAI) methods provide explanations of AI models, but our understanding of how they compare with human explanations remains limited. In image classification, we found that humans adopted more explorative attention strategies…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Ruoxi Qi , Yueyuan Zheng , Yi Yang , Caleb Chen Cao , Janet H. Hsiao

In the last years, XAI research has mainly been concerned with developing new technical approaches to explain deep learning models. Just recent research has started to acknowledge the need to tailor explanations to different contexts and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-11 Bettina Finzel , David E. Tafler , Stephan Scheele , Ute Schmid

Artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly developed through advancements in computational power and the growth of massive datasets. However, this progress has also heightened challenges in interpreting the "black-box" nature of AI models. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Shilin Sun , Wenbin An , Feng Tian , Fang Nan , Qidong Liu , Jun Liu , Nazaraf Shah , Ping Chen
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