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Related papers: Survey on Evaluation of LLM-based Agents

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Organisations are starting to adopt LLM-based AI agents, with their deployments naturally evolving from single agents towards interconnected, multi-agent networks. Yet a collection of safe agents does not guarantee a safe collection of…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Alistair Reid , Simon O'Callaghan , Liam Carroll , Tiberio Caetano

The emergence of large language model (LLM)-based agents has significantly advanced the development of autonomous machine learning (ML) engineering. However, the dominant prompt-based paradigm exhibits limitations: smaller models lack the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Zexi Liu , Jingyi Chai , Xinyu Zhu , Shuo Tang , Rui Ye , Bo Zhang , Lei Bai , Siheng Chen

Advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) are revolutionizing the development of autonomous agentic systems by enabling dynamic, context-aware task decomposition and automated tool selection. These sophisticated systems possess…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Adrian Garret Gabriel , Alaa Alameer Ahmad , Shankar Kumar Jeyakumar

The rapid evolution of large language models (LLMs) and their capacity to simulate human cognition and behavior has given rise to LLM-based frameworks and tools that are evaluated and applied based on their ability to perform tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Jing Yi Wang , Nicholas Sukiennik , Tong Li , Weikang Su , Qianyue Hao , Jingbo Xu , Zihan Huang , Fengli Xu , Yong Li

The arrival of Large Language Models (LLMs) has stirred up philosophical debates about the possibility of realizing agency in an artificial manner. In this work we contribute to the debate by presenting a theoretical model that can be used…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Maud van Lier , Gorka Muñoz-Gil

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced the automation of software development tasks, including code synthesis, program repair, and test generation. More recently, researchers and industry…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Chunqiu Steven Xia , Yinlin Deng , Soren Dunn , Lingming Zhang

Building generalist agents that can handle diverse tasks and evolve themselves across different environments is a long-term goal in the AI community. Large language models (LLMs) are considered a promising foundation to build such agents…

As large language models (LLMs) become more specialized, we envision a future where millions of expert LLMs exist, each trained on proprietary data and excelling in specific domains. In such a system, answering a query requires selecting a…

Systematic literature review (SLR) is foundational to evidence-based research, enabling scholars to identify, classify, and synthesize existing studies to address specific research questions. Conducting an SLR is, however, largely a manual…

Understanding and reasoning on the large-scale scientific literature is a crucial touchstone for large language model (LLM) based agents. However, existing works are mainly restricted to tool-free tasks within single papers, largely due to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Daoyu Wang , Mingyue Cheng , Shuo Yu , Zirui Liu , Ze Guo , Xin Li , Qi Liu

While AI agents have long been discussed and studied in computer science, today's Agentic AI systems are something new. We consider other definitions of Agentic AI and propose a new realist definition. Agentic AI is a software delivery…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Sebastian Benthall , Andrew Clark

As the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) continue to advance, LLM-based agent systems offer advantages in flexibility and interpretability over traditional systems, garnering increasing attention. However, despite the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Zexin Wang , Jingjing Li , Quan Zhou , Haotian Si , Yuanhao Liu , Jianhui Li , Gaogang Xie , Fei Sun , Dan Pei , Changhua Pei

GUIs have long been central to human-computer interaction, providing an intuitive and visually-driven way to access and interact with digital systems. The advent of LLMs, particularly multimodal models, has ushered in a new era of GUI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Chaoyun Zhang , Shilin He , Jiaxu Qian , Bowen Li , Liqun Li , Si Qin , Yu Kang , Minghua Ma , Guyue Liu , Qingwei Lin , Saravan Rajmohan , Dongmei Zhang , Qi Zhang

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become essential in modern healthcare, with large language models (LLMs) offering promising advances in clinical decision-making. Traditional model-based approaches, including those leveraging in-context…

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in human-centered tasks, assessing their psychological traits is crucial for understanding their social impact and ensuring trustworthy AI alignment. While existing reviews have covered…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Wenhan Dong , Yuemeng Zhao , Zhen Sun , Yule Liu , Zifan Peng , Jingyi Zheng , Zongmin Zhang , Ziyi Zhang , Jun Wu , Ruiming Wang , Shengmin Xu , Xinyi Huang , Xinlei He

Autonomous agents have recently achieved remarkable progress across diverse domains, yet most evaluations focus on short-horizon, fully observable tasks. In contrast, many critical real-world tasks, such as large-scale software development,…

Despite the utility of Large Language Models (LLMs) across a wide range of tasks and scenarios, developing a method for reliably evaluating LLMs across varied contexts continues to be challenging. Modern evaluation approaches often use LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Steffi Chern , Ethan Chern , Graham Neubig , Pengfei Liu

The rapid rise of large language models (LLMs) has shifted artificial intelligence (AI) research toward agentic systems, motivating the use of weaker and more flexible notions of agency. However, this shift raises key questions about the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Vince Trencsenyi , Agnieszka Mensfelt , Kostas Stathis

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have spurred interest in deploying LLM agents to undertake tasks in the world. LLMs are often deployed in agent systems: code that orchestrates LLM calls and provides them with tools. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Maxime Robeyns , Martin Szummer , Laurence Aitchison

The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized Graphical User Interface (GUI) automation through LLM-powered GUI agents, yet their ability to process sensitive data with limited human oversight raises significant privacy and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Chaoran Chen , Zhiping Zhang , Ibrahim Khalilov , Bingcan Guo , Simret A Gebreegziabher , Yanfang Ye , Ziang Xiao , Yaxing Yao , Tianshi Li , Toby Jia-Jun Li
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