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In this paper, we present a challenging code reasoning task: vulnerability detection. Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promising results in natural-language and math reasoning, but state-of-the-art (SOTA) models reported only 54.5%…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Benjamin Steenhoek , Md Mahbubur Rahman , Monoshi Kumar Roy , Mirza Sanjida Alam , Hengbo Tong , Swarna Das , Earl T. Barr , Wei Le

Large language models (LLMs) play a crucial role in software engineering, excelling in tasks like code generation and maintenance. However, existing benchmarks are often narrow in scope, focusing on a specific task and lack a comprehensive…

Code review is one of the primary means of assuring the quality of released software along with testing and static analysis. However, code review requires experienced developers who may not always have the time to perform an in-depth review…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Shweta Ramesh , Joy Bose , Hamender Singh , A K Raghavan , Sujoy Roychowdhury , Giriprasad Sridhara , Nishrith Saini , Ricardo Britto

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in the realm of natural language understanding and programming code processing tasks. Their capacity to comprehend and generate human-like code has spurred research into…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Chongzhou Fang , Ning Miao , Shaurya Srivastav , Jialin Liu , Ruoyu Zhang , Ruijie Fang , Asmita , Ryan Tsang , Najmeh Nazari , Han Wang , Houman Homayoun

Program refinement involves correctness-preserving transformations from formal high-level specification statements into executable programs. Traditional verification tool support for program refinement is highly interactive and lacks…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Yufan Cai , Zhe Hou , Xiaokun Luan , David Miguel Sanan Baena , Yun Lin , Jun Sun , Jin Song Dong

Despite their sophisticated capabilities, large language models (LLMs) encounter a major hurdle in effective assessment. This paper first revisits the prevalent evaluation method-multiple choice question answering (MCQA), which allows for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Fangyun Wei , Xi Chen , Lin Luo

With the recent unprecedented advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) computing, progress in Large Language Models (LLMs) is accelerating rapidly, presenting challenges in establishing clear guidelines, particularly in the field of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Nafis Tanveer Islam , Joseph Khoury , Andrew Seong , Elias Bou-Harb , Peyman Najafirad

Modern software relies on a multitude of automated testing and quality assurance tools to prevent errors, bugs and potential vulnerabilities. This study sets out to provide a head-to-head, quantitative and qualitative evaluation of six…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Damian Gnieciak , Tomasz Szandala

This paper introduces MMRefine, a MultiModal Refinement benchmark designed to evaluate the error refinement capabilities of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). As the emphasis shifts toward enhancing reasoning during inference,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Gio Paik , Geewook Kim , Jinbae Im

Code review is a critical practice in software engineering, yet the growing scale and frequency of code patches in modern projects, together with the widespread adoption of AI code assistants, make manual review increasingly challenging.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Bar Weiss , Antonio Abu-Nassar , Adi Sosnovich , Karen Yorav

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown impressive results on diverse code-related tasks, benefiting from large-scale training and instruction tuning. However, studies reveal that their grasp of fundamental programming concepts,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Xiaoning Ren , Qiang Hu , Wei Ma , Yan Li , Yao Zhang , Lingxiao Jiang , Yinxing Xue

AI-assisted code generation tools have revolutionized software development, offering unprecedented efficiency and scalability. However, multiple studies have consistently highlighted challenges such as security vulnerabilities, reliability…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Ahilan Ayyachamy Nadar Ponnusamy

Large Language Models (LLMs) are predominantly assessed based on their common sense reasoning, language comprehension, and logical reasoning abilities. While models trained in specialized domains like mathematics or coding have demonstrated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Danny Brahman , Mohammad Mahoor

Automated Code Review (ACR) is crucial for software quality, yet existing benchmarks often fail to reflect real-world complexities, hindering the evaluation of modern Large Language Models (LLMs). Current benchmarks frequently focus on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Zhengran Zeng , Ruikai Shi , Keke Han , Yixin Li , Kaicheng Sun , Yidong Wang , Zhuohao Yu , Rui Xie , Wei Ye , Shikun Zhang

Code review is a crucial but often complex, subjective, and time-consuming activity in software development. Over the past decades, significant efforts have been made to automate this process. Early approaches focused on knowledge-based…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Imen Jaoua , Oussama Ben Sghaier , Houari Sahraoui

Bug fixing and code generation have been core research topics in software development for many years. The recent explosive growth in Large Language Models has completely transformed these spaces, putting in reach incredibly powerful tools…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Avinash Anand , Akshit Gupta , Nishchay Yadav , Shaurya Bajaj

Recent advances have been improving the context windows of Large Language Models (LLMs). To quantify the real long-context capabilities of LLMs, evaluators such as the popular Needle in a Haystack have been developed to test LLMs over a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Jiawei Liu , Jia Le Tian , Vijay Daita , Yuxiang Wei , Yifeng Ding , Yuhan Katherine Wang , Jun Yang , Lingming Zhang

This research addresses the complex challenge of automated repair of code vulnerabilities, vital for enhancing digital security in an increasingly technology-driven world. The study introduces a novel and efficient format for the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-04 David de-Fitero-Dominguez , Eva Garcia-Lopez , Antonio Garcia-Cabot , Jose-Javier Martinez-Herraiz

Large Language Models (LLMs) have garnered remarkable advancements across diverse code-related tasks, known as Code LLMs, particularly in code generation that generates source code with LLM from natural language descriptions. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Juyong Jiang , Fan Wang , Jiasi Shen , Sungju Kim , Sunghun Kim

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely adopted across diverse domains of software engineering, such as code generation, program repair, and vulnerability detection. These applications require understanding beyond surface-level code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Danning Xie , Mingwei Zheng , Xuwei Liu , Jiannan Wang , Chengpeng Wang , Lin Tan , Xiangyu Zhang