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Large Language Models (LLMs) show remarkable performance on a wide variety of tasks. Most LLMs split text into multi-character tokens and process them as atomic units without direct access to individual characters. This raises the question:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Lukas Edman , Helmut Schmid , Alexander Fraser

Multi-layer graphs consist of several graphs (layers) over the same vertex set. They are motivated by real-world problems where entities (vertices) are associated via multiple types of relationships (edges in different layers). We chart the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Robert Bredereck , Christian Komusiewicz , Stefan Kratsch , Hendrik Molter , Rolf Niedermeier , Manuel Sorge

Recent work has shown that imperceptible perturbations can be applied to craft unlearnable examples (ULEs), i.e. images whose content cannot be used to improve a classifier during training. In this paper, we reveal the road that researchers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Zhuoran Liu , Zhengyu Zhao , Alex Kolmus , Tijn Berns , Twan van Laarhoven , Tom Heskes , Martha Larson

The main aim of the work presented here is to contribute to computer science advances in the multimodal usability area, in-as-much as it addresses one of the major issues relating to the generation of effective oral system messages: how to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2007-08-28 Suzanne Kieffer , Noëlle Carbonell

This paper presents a theoretical model for interactive visualization literacy to describe how people use interactive data visualizations and systems. Literacies have become an important concept in describing modern life skills, with…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Gabriela Molina León , Benjamin Bach , Matheus Valentim , Niklas Elmqvist

GRAFT is a structured multimodal benchmark designed to probe how well LLMs handle instruction following, visual reasoning, and tasks requiring tight visual textual alignment. The dataset is built around programmatically generated charts and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Abhigya Verma , Sriram Puttagunta , Seganrasan Subramanian , Sravan Ramachandran

Graph Drawing Beyond Planarity is a rapidly growing research area that classifies and studies geometric representations of non-planar graphs in terms of forbidden crossing configurations. Aim of this survey is to describe the main research…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Walter Didimo , Giuseppe Liotta , Fabrizio Montecchiani

Important data mining problems such as nearest-neighbor search and clustering admit theoretical guarantees when restricted to objects embedded in a metric space. Graphs are ubiquitous, and clustering and classification over graphs arise in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-01-16 Jose Bento , Stratis Ioannidis

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become more powerful and autonomous, they increasingly face conflicts and dilemmas in many scenarios. We first summarize and taxonomize these diverse conflicts. Then, we model the LLM's preferences to make…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Zhenheng Tang , Xiang Liu , Qian Wang , Eunsol Choi , Bo Li , Xiaowen Chu

In resolving instances of a computational problem, if multiple instances of interest share a feature in common, it may be fruitful to compile this feature into a format that allows for more efficient resolution, even if the compilation is…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-03-03 Hubie Chen

Machine learning-based classifiers are commonly evaluated by metrics like accuracy, but deeper analysis is required to understand their strengths and weaknesses. MLMC is a visual exploration tool that tackles the challenge of multi-label…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Aleksandar Doknic , Torsten Möller

With the explosive growth of multi-source data, multi-view clustering has attracted great attention in recent years. Most existing multi-view methods operate in raw feature space and heavily depend on the quality of original feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Liang Liu , Peng Chen , Guangchun Luo , Zhao Kang , Yonggang Luo , Sanchu Han

Multiple instance learning (MIL) is a form of weakly supervised learning where training instances are arranged in sets, called bags, and a label is provided for the entire bag. This formulation is gaining interest because it naturally fits…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Marc-André Carbonneau , Veronika Cheplygina , Eric Granger , Ghyslain Gagnon

A new fast algorithm for clustering and classification of large collections of text documents is introduced. The new algorithm employs the bipartite graph that realizes the word-document matrix of the collection. Namely, the modularity of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2011-05-31 Grigory Pivovarov , Sergei Trunov

Unsplittable flow problems cover a wide range of telecommunication and transportation problems and their efficient resolution is key to a number of applications. In this work, we study algorithms that can scale up to large graphs and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-03-29 François Lamothe , Emmanuel Rachelson , Alain Haït , Cedric Baudoin , Jean-Baptiste Dupe

The graph-navigability problem concerns how one can find as short paths as possible between a pair of vertices, given an incomplete picture of a graph. We study the navigability of graphs where the vertices are tagged by a number (between 1…

Physics and Society · Physics 2011-08-25 Sang Hoon Lee , Petter Holme

Modularity is one of the most widely used quality measures for graph clusterings. Maximizing modularity is NP-hard, and the runtime of exact algorithms is prohibitive for large graphs. A simple and effective class of heuristics coarsens the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-09-22 Andreas Noack , Randolf Rotta

Many cultural institutions have made large digitized visual collections available online, often under permissible re-use licences. Creating interfaces for exploring and searching these collections is difficult, particularly in the absence…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Taylor Arnold , Lauren Tilton

A reachability oracle (or hop labeling) assigns each vertex v two sets of vertices: Lout(v) and Lin(v), such that u reaches v iff Lout(u) \cap Lin(v) \neq \emptyset. Despite their simplicity and elegance, reachability oracles have failed to…

Databases · Computer Science 2013-07-02 Ruoming Jin , Guan Wang

We consider inapproximability of the correlation clustering problem defined as follows: Given a graph $G = (V,E)$ where each edge is labeled either "+" (similar) or "-" (dissimilar), correlation clustering seeks to partition the vertices…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2009-03-23 Jinsong Tan