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Recent studies have demonstrated Large Language Models (LLMs) can extend their zero-shot generalization capabilities to multimodal learning through instruction tuning. As more modalities and downstream tasks are introduced, negative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Zeren Chen , Ziqin Wang , Zhen Wang , Huayang Liu , Zhenfei Yin , Si Liu , Lu Sheng , Wanli Ouyang , Yu Qiao , Jing Shao

The task-oriented semantic communication systems have achieved significant performance gain, however, the paradigm that employs a model for a specific task might be limited, since the system has to be updated once the task is changed or…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-02 Guangyi Zhang , Qiyu Hu , Zhijin Qin , Yunlong Cai , Guanding Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs) typically come with a fixed architecture, despite growing evidence that not all layers contribute equally to every downstream task. We introduce TALE (Task-Aware Layer Elimination), an inference-time method that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Omar Naim , Krish Sharma , Niyar R Barman , Nicholas Asher

Federated Learning (FL) is a recent model training paradigm in which client devices collaboratively train a model without ever aggregating their data. Crucially, this scheme offers users potential privacy and security benefits by only ever…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Raja Vavekanand , Kira Sam

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models scale large language models efficiently by sparsely activating experts, but once an expert is selected, it is executed fully. Hence, the trade-off between accuracy and computation in an MoE model typically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Nurbek Tastan , Stefanos Laskaridis , Karthik Nandakumar , Samuel Horvath

This paper addresses the problem of end-to-end (E2E) design of learning and communication in a task-oriented semantic communication system. In particular, we consider a multi-device cooperative edge inference system over a wireless…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Chang Cai , Xiaojun Yuan , Ying-Jun Angela Zhang

Multi-task learning (MTL) paradigm focuses on jointly learning two or more tasks, aiming for significant improvement w.r.t model's generalizability, performance, and training/inference memory footprint. The aforementioned benefits become…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Nitin Bansal , Pan Ji , Junsong Yuan , Yi Xu

Expanding Large Language Models~(LLMs) to new languages is a costly endeavor, demanding extensive Continued Pre-Training~(CPT) and data-intensive alignment. While recent data-free merging techniques attempt to bypass alignment by fusing a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Hao Zhou , Tianhao Li , Zhijun Wang , Shuaijie She , Linjuan Wu , Hao-Ran Wei , Baosong Yang , Jiajun Chen , Shujian Huang

While federated learning (FL) enables fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs) without compromising data privacy, the substantial size of an LLM renders on-device training impractical for resource-constrained clients, such as mobile…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Zihan Fang , Zheng Lin , Senkang Hu , Yanan Ma , Yihang Tao , Yiqin Deng , Xianhao Chen , Yuguang Fang

With the widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs), many deep learning practitioners are looking for strategies of running these models more efficiently. One such strategy is to use sparse Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) - a type of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Artyom Eliseev , Denis Mazur

The Mixture of Experts (MoE) architecture has emerged as a key technique for scaling Large Language Models by activating only a subset of experts per query. Deploying MoE on consumer-grade edge hardware, however, is constrained by limited…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Guoying Zhu , Meng Li , Haipeng Dai , Xuechen Liu , Weijun Wang , Keran Li , Jun xiao , Ligeng Chen , Wei Wang

Multi-task learning (MTL) for dense prediction has shown promising results but still faces challenges in balancing shared representations with task-specific specialization. In this paper, we introduce a novel Fine-Grained Mixture of Experts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Yangyang Xu , Xi Ye , Duo Su

While Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities in zero-shot and few-shot scenarios, they often require computationally prohibitive sizes. Conversely, smaller Masked Language Models (MLMs) like BERT and RoBERTa achieve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Ahmed Elshabrawy , Yongxin Huang , Iryna Gurevych , Alham Fikri Aji

End-to-end architectures have been recently proposed for spoken language understanding (SLU) and semantic parsing. Based on a large amount of data, those models learn jointly acoustic and linguistic-sequential features. Such architectures…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-17 Marco Dinarelli , Nikita Kapoor , Bassam Jabaian , Laurent Besacier

Large Language Models are expressive tools that enable complex tasks of text understanding within Computational Social Science. Their versatility, while beneficial, poses a barrier for establishing standardized best practices within the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Anders Giovanni Møller , Luca Maria Aiello

Native multimodal large language models (MLLMs) restructure a single large language model (LLM) into a spoken language model (SLM) capable of both speech and text generation. Compared to modular and aligned MLLMs, native MLLMs preserve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Hang Shao , Heting Gao , Yunhang Shen , Jiawei Chen , Zuwei Long , Dong Yang , Ke Li , Xing Sun

Pretraining on a large-scale corpus has become a standard method to build general language models (LMs). Adapting a model to new data distributions targeting different downstream tasks poses significant challenges. Naive fine-tuning may…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Wuyang Chen , Yanqi Zhou , Nan Du , Yanping Huang , James Laudon , Zhifeng Chen , Claire Cu

Function calling is a complex task with widespread applications in domains such as information retrieval, software engineering and automation. For example, a query to book the shortest flight from New York to London on January 15 requires…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Ishan Kavathekar , Raghav Donakanti , Ponnurangam Kumaraguru , Karthik Vaidhyanathan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across a wide range of tasks, but serving them efficiently at scale remains a critical challenge due to their substantial computational and latency demands. While most existing…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Yifan Sun , Gholamreza Haffari , Minxian Xu , Rajkumar Buyya , Adel N. Toosi

The sparse Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture of large language models (LLMs) confronts an inherent issue of load imbalance arising from the simplistic linear router strategy, which ultimately causes the instability and inefficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Ting Bai , Yue Yu , Le Huang , Zenan Xu , Chuan Shi