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Automated code optimization aims to improve performance in programs by refactoring code, and recent studies focus on utilizing LLMs for the optimization. Typical existing approaches mine optimization commits from open-source codebases to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Yuwei Zhao , Yuan-An Xiao , Qianyu Xiao , Zhao Zhang , Yingfei Xiong

The emergence of large language models (LLMs) has significantly pushed the frontiers of program synthesis. Advancement of LLM-based program synthesis calls for a thorough evaluation of LLM-generated code. Most evaluation frameworks focus on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Ruizhong Qiu , Weiliang Will Zeng , James Ezick , Christopher Lott , Hanghang Tong

Tools for rewriting, refactoring and optimizing code should be fast and correct. Large language models (LLMs), by their nature, possess neither of these qualities. Yet, there remains tremendous opportunity in using LLMs to improve code. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Chris Cummins , Volker Seeker , Jordi Armengol-Estapé , Aram H. Markosyan , Gabriel Synnaeve , Hugh Leather

\emph{Resistive memories}, such as \emph{phase change memories} and \emph{resistive random access memories} have attracted significant attention in recent years due to their better scalability, speed, rewritability, and yet non-volatility.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-09-22 Yeow Meng Chee , Michal Horovitz , Alexander Vardy , Van Khu Vu , Eitan Yaakobi

Fine-tuning is powerful for adapting large language models to downstream tasks, but it often results in huge memory usages. A promising approach to mitigate this is using Zeroth-Order (ZO) optimization, which estimates gradients to replace…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Fei Wang , Li Shen , Liang Ding , Chao Xue , Ye Liu , Changxing Ding

In this paper, we present NEMO, a system that translates Natural-language descriptions of decision problems into formal Executable Mathematical Optimization implementations, operating collaboratively with users or autonomously. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Yang Song , Anoushka Vyas , Zirui Wei , Sina Khoshfetrat Pakazad , Henrik Ohlsson , Graham Neubig

Mobile-edge computation offloading (MECO) is an emerging technology for enhancing mobiles' computation capabilities and prolonging their battery lives, by offloading intensive computation from mobiles to nearby servers such as base…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-07-18 Changsheng You , Yong Zeng , Rui Zhang , Kaibin Huang

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing by solving a wide range of tasks simply guided by a prompt. Yet their performance is highly sensitive to prompt formulation. While automatic prompt optimization…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Tom Zehle , Moritz Schlager , Timo Heiß , Matthias Feurer

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have given rise to powerful coding agents, making it possible for code assistants to evolve into code engineers. However, existing methods still face significant challenges in achieving…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Zongwei Li , Zhonghang Li , Zirui Guo , Xubin Ren , Chao Huang

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance in code generation recently, offering programmers revolutionary assistance in software development. However, due to the auto-regressive nature of LLMs, they are susceptible…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Xue Jiang , Yihong Dong , Yongding Tao , Huanyu Liu , Zhi Jin , Wenpin Jiao , Ge Li

Code efficiency is a fundamental aspect of software quality, yet how to harness large language models (LLMs) to optimize programs remains challenging. Prior approaches have sought for one-shot rewriting, retrieved exemplars, or prompt-based…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Zimu Wang , Yuling Shi , Mengfan Li , Zijun Liu , Jie M. Zhang , Chengcheng Wan , Xiaodong Gu

Computing systems have undergone several inflexion points - while Moore's law guided the semiconductor industry to cram more and more transistors and logic into the same volume, the limits of instruction-level parallelism (ILP) and the end…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-03-24 Rajeev Muralidhar , Renata Borovica-Gajic , Rajkumar Buyya

Online question-and-answer (Q\&A) systems based on the Large Language Model (LLM) have progressively diverged from recreational to professional use. This paper proposed a Multi-Agent framework with environmentally reinforcement learning…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Jiapeng Yu , Yuqian Wu , Yajing Zhan , Wenhao Guo , Zhou Xu , Raymond Lee

The remarkable advances in AI and Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled machines to write code, accelerating the growth of software systems. However, the bottleneck in software development is not writing code but understanding it;…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Adam Tornhill , Markus Borg , Nadim Hagatulah , Emma Söderberg

Developers often evolve an existing software system by making internal changes, called migration. Moving to a new framework, changing implementation to improve efficiency, and upgrading a dependency to its latest version are examples of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Celal Ziftci , Stoyan Nikolov , Anna Sjövall , Bo Kim , Daniele Codecasa , Max Kim

Designing effective control policies for autonomous systems remains a fundamental challenge, traditionally addressed through reinforcement learning or manual engineering. While reinforcement learning has achieved remarkable success, it…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Ping Guo , Chao Li , Yinglan Feng , Chaoning Zhang

Efficient LLM inference research has largely focused on reducing the cost of each decoding step (e.g., using quantization, pruning, or sparse attention), typically applying a uniform computation budget to every generated token. In practice,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yash Akhauri , Mohamed S. Abdelfattah

In this paper, we make the first attempt to understand and test potential computation efficiency robustness in state-of-the-art LLMs. By analyzing the working mechanism and implementation of 20,543 public-accessible LLMs, we observe a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Xiaoning Feng , Xiaohong Han , Simin Chen , Wei Yang

As Moore's Law gains diminish, software performance and efficiency become increasingly vital. Optimizing code efficiency is challenging, even for professional programmers. However, related research remains relatively scarce, and rigorously…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Yue Pan , Xiuting Shao , Chen Lyu

Natural language to code generation is an important application area of LLMs and has received wide attention from the community. The majority of relevant studies have exclusively concentrated on increasing the quantity and functional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Naman Jain , Tianjun Zhang , Wei-Lin Chiang , Joseph E. Gonzalez , Koushik Sen , Ion Stoica