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We study induction on the program structure as a proof method for bisimulation-based compiler correctness. We consider a first-order language with mutually recursive function definitions, system calls, and an environment semantics. The…
Pecan is an automated theorem prover for reasoning about properties of Sturmian words, an important object in the field of combinatorics on words. It is capable of efficiently proving non-trivial mathematical theorems about all Sturmian…
We present our vision for developing an automated tool capable of translating visual properties observed in Machine Learning (ML) visualisations into Python assertions. The tool aims to streamline the process of manually verifying these…
LangPro is an automated theorem prover for natural language (https://github.com/kovvalsky/LangPro). Given a set of premises and a hypothesis, it is able to prove semantic relations between them. The prover is based on a version of analytic…
We initiate the study of the verification power of AfAs as part of Arthur-Merlin (AM) proof systems. We show that every unary language is verified by a real-valued AfA verifier. Then, we focus on the verifiers restricted to have only…
In a case study we investigate whether off the shelf higher-order theorem provers and model generators can be employed to automate reasoning in and about quantified multimodal logics. In our experiments we exploit the new TPTP…
We introduce our Leanabell-Prover-V2, a 7B large language models (LLMs) that can produce formal theorem proofs in Lean 4, with verifier-integrated Long Chain-of-Thoughts (CoT). Following our previous work Leanabell-Prover-V1, we continual…
This article introduces a fully automated verification technique that permits to analyze real-time systems described using a continuous notion of time and a mixture of operational (i.e., automata-based) and descriptive (i.e., logic-based)…
The material presented in this paper contributes to establishing a basis deemed essential for substantial progress in Automated Deduction. It identifies and studies global features in selected problems and their proofs which offer the…
The use of deductive techniques, such as theorem provers, has several advantages in safety verification of hybrid sys- tems; however, state-of-the-art theorem provers require ex- tensive manual intervention. Furthermore, there is often a…
Gradual verification, which supports explicitly partial specifications and verifies them with a combination of static and dynamic checks, makes verification more incremental and provides earlier feedback to developers. While an abstract,…
Automated theorem provers and formal proof assistants are general reasoning systems that are in theory capable of proving arbitrarily hard theorems, thus solving arbitrary problems reducible to mathematics and logical reasoning. In…
Abstract machines for the strong evaluation of lambda-terms (that is, under abstractions) are a mostly neglected topic, despite their use in the implementation of proof assistants and higher-order logic programming languages. This paper…
Extending the lambda-calculus with a construct for sharing, such as let expressions, enables a special representation of terms: iterated applications are decomposed by introducing sharing points in between any two of them, reducing to the…
Transformers have been shown to emulate logical deduction over natural language theories (logical rules expressed in natural language), reliably assigning true/false labels to candidate implications. However, their ability to generate…
The formal system $\lambda\delta$ is a typed lambda calculus derived from $\Lambda_\infty$, aiming to support the foundations of Mathematics that require an underlying theory of expressions (for example the Minimal Type Theory). The system…
We develop formal theories of conversion for Church-style lambda-terms with Pi-types in first-order syntax using one-sorted variables names and Stoughton's multiple substitutions. We then formalize the Pure Type Systems along some…
We describe several views of the semantics of a simple programming language as formal documents in the calculus of inductive constructions that can be verified by the Coq proof system. Covered aspects are natural semantics, denotational…
Common programming tools, like compilers, debuggers, and IDEs, crucially rely on the ability to analyse program code to reason about its behaviour and properties. There has been a great deal of work on verifying compilers and static…
In functional programming, datatypes a la carte provide a convenient modular representation of recursive datatypes, based on their initial algebra semantics. Unfortunately it is highly challenging to implement this technique in proof…