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Across various research domains, remotely-sensed weather products are valuable for answering many scientific questions; however, their temporal and spatial resolutions are often too coarse to answer many questions. For instance, in wildlife…
Solar wind electron velocity distributions at 1 au consist of a thermal "core" population and two suprathermal populations: "halo" and "strahl". The core and halo are quasi-isotropic, whereas the strahl typically travels radially outwards…
Large-eddy simulations (LES) with an appropriate subgrid-scale (SGS) model provide a powerful tool for investigating real-world turbulence. The Smagorinsky model, one of the simplest and most used SGS models, often shows an over-dissipative…
This paper addresses the pattern of damage, and investigates its properties, of a theoretical hail storm which gathers in intensity before subsiding, and which travels linearly across the landscape at constant velocity. We start by assuming…
Accurate and reliable predictions of solar flares are essential due to their potentially significant impact on Earth and space-based infrastructure. Although deep learning models have shown notable predictive capabilities in this domain,…
With the ever increasing resolution of N-body simulations, accurate subhalo detection is becoming essential in the study of the formation of structure, the production of merger trees and the seeding of semi-analytic models. To investigate…
Turbulence in curved spacetimes in general, and in the vicinity of black holes (BHs) in particular, represents a poorly understood phenomenon that is often analysed employing techniques developed for flat spacetimes. We here propose a novel…
We apply SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) analysis using the TreeSHAP algorithm to a Random Forest model (RANDM) designed to predict thermospheric neutral density based on solar-terrestrial data. The analysis shows that RANDM identifies…
Recent self-supervised stereo matching methods have made significant progress, but their performance significantly degrades under adverse weather conditions such as night, rain, and fog. We identify two primary weaknesses contributing to…
Global hydrological and land surface models are increasingly used for tracking terrestrial total water storage (TWS) dynamics, but the utility of existing models is hampered by conceptual and/or data uncertainties related to various…
Even though compressible plasma turbulence is encountered in many astrophysical phenomena, its effect is often not well understood. Furthermore, direct numerical simulations are typically not able to reach the extreme parameters of these…
In the solar wind an equipartition of kinetic energy densities can be easily established between thermal and suprathermal electrons and the instability conditions are markedly altered by the interplay of these two populations. The new…
Spatiotemporal variations in thunderstorm occurrence frequency are considered here using an environmental dataset derived from ERA5 reanalysis data. Interannual variability in the thunderstorm environments is examined for the period…
Severe thunderstorms cause substantial economic and human losses in the United States. Simultaneous high values of convective available potential energy (CAPE) and storm relative helicity (SRH) are favorable to severe weather, and both they…
This paper estimates local tornado risk from records of past events using statistical models. First, a spatial model is fit to the tornado counts aggregated in counties with terms that control for changes in observational practices over…
Magnetic field fluctuations measured in the heliosheath by the Voyager spacecraft are often characterized as compressible, as indicated by a strong fluctuating component parallel to the mean magnetic field. However, the interpretation of…
Traditional methods for enhancing tropical cyclone (TC) intensity from climate model outputs or projections have primarily relied on either dynamical or statistical downscaling. With recent advances in deep learning (DL) techniques, a…
We explore the feasibility of learning the connection between SDSS galaxies and ELUCID subhaloes with random forest (RF). ELUCID is a constrained $N$-body simulation constructed using the matter density field of SDSS. Based on an…
One of the most promising mechanisms for producing radio halos (RHs) in galaxy clusters is the reacceleration of cosmic-ray electrons by turbulences. However, the origin of the seed electrons for the reacceleration is still poorly…
In addition to astro-meteorological parameters, such as seeing, coherence time and isoplanatic angle, the vertical profile of the Earth's atmospheric turbulence strength and velocity is important for instrument design, performance…