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We study the problem of learning a good search policy for combinatorial search spaces. We propose retrospective imitation learning, which, after initial training by an expert, improves itself by learning from \textit{retrospective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Jialin Song , Ravi Lanka , Albert Zhao , Aadyot Bhatnagar , Yisong Yue , Masahiro Ono

Diffusion models are powerful generative models that achieve state-of-the-art performance in image synthesis. However, training them demands substantial amounts of data and computational resources. Continual learning would allow for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Sergi Masip , Pau Rodriguez , Tinne Tuytelaars , Gido M. van de Ven

Imitation learning enables robots to learn from demonstrations. Previous imitation learning algorithms usually assume access to optimal expert demonstrations. However, in many real-world applications, this assumption is limiting. Most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Zhangjie Cao , Dorsa Sadigh

Diffusion and flow-based models have enabled significant progress in generation tasks across various modalities and have recently found applications in predictive learning. However, unlike typical generation tasks that encourage sample…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yu Zhang , Xingzhuo Guo , Haoran Xu , Jialong Wu , Mingsheng Long

A common failure mode for policies trained with imitation is compounding execution errors at test time. When the learned policy encounters states that are not present in the expert demonstrations, the policy fails, leading to degenerate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Xiaoyu Zhang , Matthew Chang , Pranav Kumar , Saurabh Gupta

Learning from Observations (LfO) is a practical reinforcement learning scenario from which many applications can benefit through the reuse of incomplete resources. Compared to conventional imitation learning (IL), LfO is more challenging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Zhuangdi Zhu , Kaixiang Lin , Bo Dai , Jiayu Zhou

While training on samples drawn from independent and identical distribution has been a de facto paradigm for optimizing image classification networks, humans learn new concepts in an easy-to-hard manner and on the selected examples…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Bowen Cheng , Yunchao Wei , Jiahui Yu , Shiyu Chang , Jinjun Xiong , Wen-Mei Hwu , Thomas S. Huang , Humphrey Shi

Validating safety-critical autonomous systems in high-dimensional domains such as robotics presents a significant challenge. Existing black-box approaches based on Markov chain Monte Carlo may require an enormous number of samples, while…

We introduce Adjoint Sampling, a highly scalable and efficient algorithm for learning diffusion processes that sample from unnormalized densities, or energy functions. It is the first on-policy approach that allows significantly more…

We propose information-directed sampling -- a new approach to online optimization problems in which a decision-maker must balance between exploration and exploitation while learning from partial feedback. Each action is sampled in a manner…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-07-10 Daniel Russo , Benjamin Van Roy

Training automated agents to complete complex tasks in interactive environments is challenging: reinforcement learning requires careful hand-engineering of reward functions, imitation learning requires specialized infrastructure and access…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Olivia Watkins , Trevor Darrell , Pieter Abbeel , Jacob Andreas , Abhishek Gupta

Sampling strategies have been widely applied in many recommendation systems to accelerate model learning from implicit feedback data. A typical strategy is to draw negative instances with uniform distribution, which however will severely…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Jiawei Chen , Chengquan Jiang , Can Wang , Sheng Zhou , Yan Feng , Chun Chen , Martin Ester , Xiangnan He

Diffusion models have shown their effectiveness in generation tasks by well-approximating the underlying probability distribution. However, diffusion models are known to suffer from an amplified inherent bias from the training data in terms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Yujin Choi , Jinseong Park , Hoki Kim , Jaewook Lee , Saerom Park

In the field of robot learning, coordinating robot actions through language instructions is becoming increasingly feasible. However, adapting actions to human instructions remains challenging, as such instructions are often qualitative and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Ryoga Oishi , Sho Sakaino , Toshiaki Tsuji

Reinforcement learning (RL) struggles to scale to large, combinatorial action spaces common in many real-world problems. This paper introduces a novel framework for training discrete diffusion models as highly effective policies in these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Haitong Ma , Ofir Nabati , Aviv Rosenberg , Bo Dai , Oran Lang , Craig Boutilier , Na Li , Shie Mannor , Lior Shani , Guy Tenneholtz

Equipping a deep model the abaility of few-shot learning, i.e., learning quickly from only few examples, is a core challenge for artificial intelligence. Gradient-based meta-learning approaches effectively address the challenge by learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Baoquan Zhang , Chuyao Luo , Demin Yu , Huiwei Lin , Xutao Li , Yunming Ye , Bowen Zhang

Machine unlearning, a process enabling pre-trained models to remove the influence of specific training samples, has attracted significant attention in recent years. Although extensive research has focused on developing efficient machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Heng Xu , Tianqing Zhu , Dayong Ye , Lefeng Zhang , Le Wang , Wanlei Zhou

Learning from observation (LfO) aims to imitate experts by learning from state-only demonstrations without requiring action labels. Existing adversarial imitation learning approaches learn a generator agent policy to produce state…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Bo-Ruei Huang , Chun-Kai Yang , Chun-Mao Lai , Dai-Jie Wu , Shao-Hua Sun

Multi-step manipulation tasks where robots interact with their environment and must apply process forces based on the perceived situation remain challenging to learn and prone to execution errors. Accurately simulating these tasks is also…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Christoph Willibald , Dongheui Lee

As a robot senses and selects actions, the world keeps changing. This inference delay creates a gap of tens to hundreds of milliseconds between the observed state and the state at execution. In this work, we take the natural generalization…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Aileen Liao , Dong-Ki Kim , Max Olan Smith , Ali-akbar Agha-mohammadi , Shayegan Omidshafiei