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Related papers: Robustness of Nonlinear Representation Learning

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In this paper, we investigate the algorithmic stability of unsupervised representation learning with deep generative models, as a function of repeated re-training on the same input data. Algorithms for learning low dimensional linear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Matthew Willetts , Brooks Paige

We consider the identifiability theory of probabilistic models and establish sufficient conditions under which the representations learned by a very broad family of conditional energy-based models are unique in function space, up to a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-27 Ilyes Khemakhem , Ricardo Pio Monti , Diederik P. Kingma , Aapo Hyvärinen

Independent component analysis (ICA) estimates a demixing matrix that can recover statistically independent sources from linear mixtures. FastICA is a popular ICA algorithm due to its efficiency, but its performance strongly depends on a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-27 David Watts , Jonathan H. Manton

Linear mixture models have proven very useful in a plethora of applications, e.g., topic modeling, clustering, and source separation. As a critical aspect of the linear mixture models, identifiability of the model parameters is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Bo Yang , Xiao Fu , Nicholas D. Sidiropoulos , Kejun Huang

Nonlinear independent component analysis (ICA) provides an appealing framework for unsupervised feature learning, but the models proposed so far are not identifiable. Here, we first propose a new intuitive principle of unsupervised deep…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-05-23 Aapo Hyvarinen , Hiroshi Morioka

Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is an effective unsupervised tool to learn statistically independent representation. However, ICA is not only sensitive to whitening but also difficult to learn an over-complete basis. Consequently, ICA…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2013-04-10 Yanhui Xiao , Zhenfeng Zhu , Yao Zhao

Independent Component Analysis (ICA) aims to recover independent latent variables from observed mixtures thereof. Causal Representation Learning (CRL) aims instead to infer causally related (thus often statistically dependent) latent…

This work focuses on the problem of unraveling nonlinearly mixed latent components in an unsupervised manner. The latent components are assumed to reside in the probability simplex, and are transformed by an unknown post-nonlinear mixing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Qi Lyu , Xiao Fu

Representation learning models exhibit a surprising stability in their internal representations. Whereas most prior work treats this stability as a single property, we formalize it as two distinct concepts: statistical identifiability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Walter Nelson , Marco Fumero , Theofanis Karaletsos , Francesco Locatello

Recently, nonlinear ICA has surfaced as a popular alternative to the many heuristic models used in deep representation learning and disentanglement. An advantage of nonlinear ICA is that a sophisticated identifiability theory has been…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-29 Hermanni Hälvä , Jonathan So , Richard E. Turner , Aapo Hyvärinen

Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is a classical method for recovering latent variables with useful identifiability properties. For independent variables, cumulant tensors are diagonal; relaxing independence yields tensors whose zero…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-10 Alvaro Ribot , Anna Seigal , Piotr Zwiernik

Model identifiability is a desirable property in the context of unsupervised representation learning. In absence thereof, different models may be observationally indistinguishable while yielding representations that are nontrivially related…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-02-15 Shubhangi Ghosh , Luigi Gresele , Julius von Kügelgen , Michel Besserve , Bernhard Schölkopf

Nonlinear independent component analysis (ICA) aims to uncover the true latent sources from their observable nonlinear mixtures. Despite its significance, the identifiability of nonlinear ICA is known to be impossible without additional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Yujia Zheng , Kun Zhang

We introduce coroICA, confounding-robust independent component analysis, a novel ICA algorithm which decomposes linearly mixed multivariate observations into independent components that are corrupted (and rendered dependent) by hidden…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-31 Niklas Pfister , Sebastian Weichwald , Peter Bühlmann , Bernhard Schölkopf

Nonlinear independent component analysis (nICA) aims at recovering statistically independent latent components that are mixed by unknown nonlinear functions. Central to nICA is the identifiability of the latent components, which had been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-15 Qi Lyu , Xiao Fu

Application of independent component analysis (ICA) as an unmixing and image clustering technique for high spatial resolution Raman maps is reported. A hyperspectral map of a fixed human cell was collected by a Raman micro spectrometer in a…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2022-01-02 M. Hamed Mozaffari , Li-Lin Tay

We present a unified framework for studying the identifiability of representations learned from simultaneously observed views, such as different data modalities. We allow a partially observed setting in which each view constitutes a…

Training machine learning models that are robust against adversarial inputs poses seemingly insurmountable challenges. To better understand adversarial robustness, we consider the underlying problem of learning robust representations. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Sicheng Zhu , Xiao Zhang , David Evans

Artificial and biological agents cannon learn given completely random and unstructured data. The structure of data is encoded in the metric relationships between data points. In the context of neural networks, neuronal activity within a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Kosio Beshkov , Jonas Verhellen , Mikkel Elle Lepperød

A core task in multi-modal learning is to integrate information from multiple feature spaces (e.g., text and audio), offering modality-invariant essential representations of data. Recent research showed that, classical tools such as {\it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Subash Timilsina , Sagar Shrestha , Xiao Fu