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With the development of federated learning (FL), mobile devices (MDs) are able to train their local models with private data and sends them to a central server for aggregation, thereby preventing sensitive raw data leakage. In this paper,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Shunfeng Chu , Jun Li , Jianxin Wang , Zhe Wang , Ming Ding , Yijin Zang , Yuwen Qian , Wen Chen

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed learning framework that leverages commonalities between distributed client datasets to train a global model. Under heterogeneous clients, however, FL can fail to produce stable training results.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Connor J. Mclaughlin , Lili Su

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative training of autonomous driving (AD) models across distributed vehicles while preserving data privacy. However, FL encounters critical challenges such as poor generalization and slow convergence…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Wei-Bin Kou , Guangxu Zhu , Bingyang Cheng , Chen Zhang , Yik-Chung Wu , Jianping Wang

Federated learning aims at training models collaboratively across participants while protecting privacy. However, one major challenge for this paradigm is the data heterogeneity issue, where biased data preferences across multiple clients,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Huan Wang , Haoran Li , Huaming Chen , Jun Yan , Jiahua Shi , Jun Shen

As machine learning (ML) algorithms are increasingly used in high-stakes applications, concerns have arisen that they may be biased against certain social groups. Although many approaches have been proposed to make ML models fair, they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Thai-Hoang Pham , Xueru Zhang , Ping Zhang

As federated learning gains increasing importance in real-world applications due to its capacity for decentralized data training, addressing fairness concerns across demographic groups becomes critically important. However, most existing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-09-16 Qichuan Yin , Zexian Wang , Junzhou Huang , Huaxiu Yao , Linjun Zhang

Data normalization is a crucial preprocessing step for enhancing model performance and training stability. In federated learning (FL), where data remains distributed across multiple parties during collaborative model training, normalization…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Melih Coşğun , Mert Gençtürk , Sinem Sav

Since data is presented long-tailed in reality, it is challenging for Federated Learning (FL) to train across decentralized clients as practical applications. We present Global-Regularized Personalization (GRP-FED) to tackle the data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Yen-Hsiu Chou , Shenda Hong , Chenxi Sun , Derun Cai , Moxian Song , Hongyan Li

Federated Learning (FL) enables decentralized training of machine learning models on distributed data while preserving privacy. However, in real-world FL settings, client data is often non-identically distributed and imbalanced, resulting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Gergely D. Németh , Eros Fanì , Yeat Jeng Ng , Barbara Caputo , Miguel Ángel Lozano , Nuria Oliver , Novi Quadrianto

We initiate the study of fair classifiers that are robust to perturbations in the training distribution. Despite recent progress, the literature on fairness has largely ignored the design of fair and robust classifiers. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Debmalya Mandal , Samuel Deng , Suman Jana , Jeannette M. Wing , Daniel Hsu

Federated learning (FL) enables distributed model training, yet in heterogeneous deployments, Bandwidth-Constrained Clients (BCCs) often contribute inefficiently due to limited uplink bandwidth. In model-heterogeneous FL with fixed small…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Chengjie Ma , Seungeun Oh , Jihong Park , Seong-Lyun Kim

How to ensure fairness is an important topic in federated learning (FL). Recent studies have investigated how to reward clients based on their contribution (collaboration fairness), and how to achieve uniformity of performance across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Meirui Jiang , Holger R Roth , Wenqi Li , Dong Yang , Can Zhao , Vishwesh Nath , Daguang Xu , Qi Dou , Ziyue Xu

Federated learning (FL) is a promising technique that enables a large amount of edge computing devices to collaboratively train a global learning model. Due to privacy concerns, the raw data on devices could not be available for centralized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Miao Yang , Akitanoshou Wong , Hongbin Zhu , Haifeng Wang , Hua Qian

In this paper, we propose a method for privacy-preserving federated learning that uses randomly selected model parameters to update global models. High-quality deep neural networks (DNN) models require a huge amount of training data in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Hiroto Sawada , Shoko Imaizumi , Hitoshi Kiya

Fairness in machine learning has received considerable attention. However, most studies on fair learning focus on either supervised learning or unsupervised learning. Very few consider semi-supervised settings. Yet, in reality, most machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Tao Zhang , Tianqing Zhu , Mengde Han , Jing Li , Wanlei Zhou , Philip S. Yu

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative training of models across distributed clients without sharing local data, addressing privacy concerns in decentralized systems. However, the gradient-sharing process exposes private data to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Mingcong Xu , Xiaojin Zhang , Wei Chen , Hai Jin

Scoring systems, as a type of predictive model, have significant advantages in interpretability and transparency and facilitate quick decision-making. As such, scoring systems have been extensively used in a wide variety of industries such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Yi Yang , Ying Wu , Mei Li , Xiangyu Chang , Yong Tan

The widespread adoption of the \emph{maximum mean discrepancy} (MMD) in goodness-of-fit testing has spurred extensive research on its statistical performance. However, recent studies indicate that the inherent structure of MMD may constrain…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-11 Shiwei Sang , Shao-Bo Lin , Xuehu Zhu

Data sets for fairness relevant tasks can lack examples or be biased according to a specific label in a sensitive attribute. We demonstrate the usefulness of weight based meta-learning approaches in such situations. For models that can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Dylan Slack , Sorelle Friedler , Emile Givental

Federated learning (FL) as distributed machine learning has gained popularity as privacy-aware Machine Learning (ML) systems have emerged as a technique that prevents privacy leakage by building a global model and by conducting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Taki Hasan Rafi , Faiza Anan Noor , Tahmid Hussain , Dong-Kyu Chae