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Modern industry seeks next-generation microelectronics with ultra-low dissipation and noise beyond semiconducting systems, where the superconducting electronics offer promise. Its physical foundation is the superconducting diode effect…

We explain how Rashba spin-orbit coupling (SOC) in a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG), or in a conventional $s$-wave superconductor, can lead to a large magnetoresistance even with one ferromagnet. However, such enhanced…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-08-15 Chenghao Shen , Ranran Cai , Alex Matos-Abiague , Wei Han , Jong E. Han , Igor Zutic

Nonreciprocal superconductivity, also called as superconducting diode effect that spontaneously breaks time-reversal symmetry, is characterized by asymmetric critical currents under opposite applied current directions. This distinct state…

Altermagnets (AMs) are an exotic class of antiferromagnet that exhibit spin-splitting even at the absence of net global magnetization and spin-orbit coupling (SOC) effects. In this work, we investigated theoretically, the supercurrent…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-04-02 Arindam Boruah , Saumen Acharjee , Prasanta Kumar Saikia

In two-dimensional superconductors with a Rashba-type spin-orbit coupling, it is known that an in-plane magnetic field can induce a helical superconducting (SC) state with a phase modulation $e^{i {\bf q}\cdot {\bf r}}$. Here, we…

Superconductivity · Physics 2024-10-02 Kazushi Aoyama

The diode effect in superconducting materials has been actively investigated in recent years. Plenty of different devices have been proposed as a platform to observe the superconducting diode effect. In this work we discuss the possibility…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-03-04 T. Karabassov , I. V. Bobkova , V. S. Stolyarov , V. M. Silkin , A. S. Vasenko

Supercurrent rectification, nonreciprocal response of superconducting properties sensitive to the polarity of bias and magnetic field, has attracted growing interest as an ideal diode. While the superconducting rectification effect is a…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-04-18 Yusuke Kobayashi , Junichi Shiogai , Tsutomu Nojima , Jobu Matsuno

The superconducting diode effect may exist in bulk systems as well as in junctions when time-reversal and inversion symmetries are simultaneously broken. Magnetization gradients and textures satisfy both requirements and therefore also…

Superconductivity · Physics 2024-04-02 Mercè Roig , Panagiotis Kotetes , Brian M. Andersen

The supercurrent diode effect (SDE) describes superconducting systems where the magnitude of the superconducting-to-normal state switching current differs for positive and negative current bias. Despite the ubiquity of such diode effects in…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-02-11 Joseph J. Cuozzo , François Léonard

The Josephson diode effect, where the critical current magnitude depends on its direction, arises when both time-reversal and inversion symmetries are broken - often achieved by a combination of spin-orbit interaction and applied magnetic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-02-13 Gerrit Behner , Abdur Rehman Jalil , Detlev Grützmacher , Thomas Schäpers

Non-reciprocity in the critical current has been observed in a variety of superconducting systems and has been called the superconducting diode effect. The origin underlying the effect depends on the symmetry breaking mechanisms at play. We…

Spin-split superconductors offer new functionality compared to conventional superconductors such as diode-effects and efficient thermoelectricity. The superconducting state can nevertheless only withstand a small amount of spin-splitting.…

Superconductivity · Physics 2024-05-15 Johanne Bratland Tjernshaugen , Morten Amundsen , Jacob Linder

An unusual form of superconductivity, called Ising superconductivity, has recently been uncovered in mono- and few-layered transition metal dichalcogenides. This 2D superconducting state is characterized by the so-called Ising spin-orbit…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-02-20 Gargee Sharma , Sumanta Tewari

The transition-metal dichalcogenides featuring Ising spin-orbit coupling in so-called Ising superconductors offer a unique system to study the interplay of singlet and triplet superconductivity. The presence of high critical fields,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-11-07 Sourabh Patil , Gaomin Tang , Wolfgang Belzig

Nonreciprocal electrical transport, characterized by an asymmetric relationship between current and voltage, plays a crucial role in modern electronic industries. Recent studies have extended this phenomenon to superconductors, introducing…

Semiconductor Rashba nanowires are quasi-one dimensional systems that have large spin-orbit (SO) coupling arising from a broken inversion symmetry due to an external electric field. There exist parametrized multiband models that can…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-08-25 Samuel D. Escribano , Alfredo Levy Yeyati , Elsa Prada

The supercurrent diode effect (SDE), characterized by unequal critical currents in opposite directions, has been observed with or without magnetic fields, yet mechanisms enabling zero-field SDE without explicit symmetry breaking remain…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-04-16 Yiheng Sun , Zhenyu Zhang , James Jun He

Among the many remarkable properties of diamond, the ability to superconduct when heavily doped with boron has attracted much interest in the carbon community. When considering the nanocrystalline boron doped system, the reduced…

Superconductivity · Physics 2020-10-28 Somnath Bhattacharyya , Davie Mtsuko , Christopher Allen , Christopher Coleman

In the quest for exotic superconducting pairing states, the Rashba effect, which lifts the electron-spin degeneracy as a consequence of strong spin-orbit interaction (SOI) under broken inversion symmetry, has attracted considerable…

Superconductivity · Physics 2017-12-06 M. Naritsuka , T. Ishii , S. Miyake , Y. Tokiwa , R. Toda , M. Shimozawa , T. Terashima , T. Shibauchi , Y. Matsuda , Y. Kasahara

The supercurrent diode effect (SDE), characterized by nonreciprocal critical currents, represents a promising building block for future dissipationless electronics and quantum circuits. Realizing SDE requires breaking both time-reversal and…