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Large language model (LLM) decoding is a major inference bottleneck because its low arithmetic intensity makes performance highly sensitive to memory bandwidth. 3D-stacked near-memory processing (NMP) provides substantially higher local…

FlashAttention series has been widely applied in the inference of large language models (LLMs). However, FlashAttention series only supports the high-level GPU architectures, e.g., Ampere and Hopper. At present, FlashAttention series is not…

Text-based web agents offer computational efficiency for autonomous web navigation, yet developing robust agents remains challenging due to the noisy and heterogeneous nature of real-world HTML. Standard Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT)…

Tremendous advances in parallel computing and graphics hardware opened up several novel real-time GPU applications in the fields of computer vision, computer graphics as well as augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR). Although…

The last decade has seen a shift in the computer systems industry where heterogeneous computing has become prevalent. Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) are now present in supercomputers to mobile phones and tablets. GPUs are used for…

To support growing massive parallelism, functional components and also the capabilities of current processors are changing and continue to do so. Todays computers are built upon multiple processing cores and run applications consisting of a…

Numerous applications such as graph processing, cryptography, databases, bioinformatics, etc., involve the repeated evaluation of Boolean functions on large bit vectors. In-memory architectures which perform processing in memory (PIM) are…

Data preprocessing pipelines, which includes data decoding, cleaning, and transforming, are a crucial component of Machine Learning (ML) training. Thy are computationally intensive and often become a major bottleneck, due to the increasing…

This paper explores practical aspects of using a high-level functional language for GPU-based arithmetic on ``midsize'' integers. By this we mean integers of up to about a quarter million bits, which is sufficient for most practical…

Massive multi-threading in GPU imposes tremendous pressure on memory subsystems. Due to rapid growth in thread-level parallelism of GPU and slowly improved peak memory bandwidth, the memory becomes a bottleneck of GPU's performance and…

The parameter size of modern large language models (LLMs) can be scaled up via the sparsely-activated Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) technique to avoid excessive increase of the computational costs. To further improve training efficiency,…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used across research and industry applications, yet their inference efficiency remains a significant challenge. As the computational power of modern GPU architectures continuously improves,…

As the Large Language Model (LLM) becomes increasingly important in various domains. However, the following challenges still remain unsolved in accelerating LLM inference: (1) Synchronized partial softmax update. The softmax operation…

Parallel programming models can encourage performance portability by moving the responsibility for work assignment and data distribution from the programmer to a runtime system. However, analyzing the resulting implicit memory allocations,…

Transformer-based, pre-trained large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated outstanding performance across diverse domains, particularly in the emerging {\em pretrain-then-finetune} paradigm. Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), a…

The Deep Learning (DL) community sees many novel topologies published each year. Achieving high performance on each new topology remains challenging, as each requires some level of manual effort. This issue is compounded by the…

There is an urgent and pressing need to optimize usage of Graphical Processing Units (GPUs), which have arguably become one of the most expensive and sought after IT resources. To help with this goal, several of the current generation of…

Multilinear transformations are key in high-performance computing (HPC) and artificial intelligence (AI) workloads, where data is represented as tensors. However, their high computational and memory demands, which grow with dimensionality,…

The advent of ultra-low-bit LLM models (1/1.58/2-bit), which match the perplexity and end-task performance of their full-precision counterparts using the same model size, is ushering in a new era of LLM inference for resource-constrained…

Large deep learning models have demonstrated strong ability to solve many tasks across a wide range of applications. Those large models typically require training and inference to be distributed. Tensor parallelism is a common technique…