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Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved tremendous success in many graph mining tasks benefitting from the message passing strategy that fuses the local structure and node features for better graph representation learning. Despite the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Shuiqiao Yang , Bao Gia Doan , Paul Montague , Olivier De Vel , Tamas Abraham , Seyit Camtepe , Damith C. Ranasinghe , Salil S. Kanhere

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are recently shown to be vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where attackers embed hidden backdoors in the DNN model by injecting a few poisoned examples into the training dataset. While extensive efforts have been…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Zaixi Zhang , Qi Liu , Zhicai Wang , Zepu Lu , Qingyong Hu

Deep neural networks have been demonstrated to be vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Specifically, by injecting a small number of maliciously constructed inputs into the training set, an adversary is able to plant a backdoor into the trained…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-12-10 Alexander Turner , Dimitris Tsipras , Aleksander Madry

Heterogeneous Graph Neural Networks (HGNNs) excel in modeling complex, multi-typed relationships across diverse domains, yet their vulnerability to backdoor attacks remains unexplored. To address this gap, we conduct the first investigation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Jiawei Chen , Lusi Li , Daniel Takabi , Masha Sosonkina , Rui Ning

Since 2014 when Szegedy et al. showed that carefully designed perturbations of the input can lead Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) to wrongly classify its label, there has been an ongoing research to make DNNs more robust to such malicious…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Muhammad Yaseen , Muneeb Aadil , Maria Sargsyan

With the broad application of deep neural networks (DNNs), backdoor attacks have gradually attracted attention. Backdoor attacks are insidious, and poisoned models perform well on benign samples and are only triggered when given specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Chang Yue , Peizhuo Lv , Ruigang Liang , Kai Chen

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have shown remarkable performance in various tasks. However, recent works reveal that GNNs are vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Generally, backdoor attack poisons the graph by attaching backdoor triggers and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Zhiwei Zhang , Minhua Lin , Enyan Dai , Suhang Wang

Recent studies have shown that graph convolution networks (GCNs) are vulnerable to carefully designed attacks, which aim to cause misclassification of a specific node on the graph with unnoticeable perturbations. However, a vast majority of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Jihong Wang , Minnan Luo , Fnu Suya , Jundong Li , Zijiang Yang , Qinghua Zheng

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are gaining popularity across various domains due to their effectiveness in learning graph-structured data. Nevertheless, they have been shown to be susceptible to backdoor poisoning attacks, which pose serious…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Yuxuan Zhu , Michael Mandulak , Kerui Wu , George Slota , Yuseok Jeon , Ka-Ho Chow , Lei Yu

Backdoor attacks pose a critical threat to the security of deep neural networks, yet existing efforts on universal backdoors often rely on visually salient patterns, making them easier to detect and less practical at scale. In this work, we…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Hsin Lin , Yan-Lun Chen , Ren-Hung Hwang , Chia-Mu Yu

Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) show promising results for semi-supervised learning tasks on graphs, thus become favorable comparing with other approaches. Despite the remarkable success of GCNs, it is difficult to train GCNs with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-14 Xianfeng Tang , Huaxiu Yao , Yiwei Sun , Yiqi Wang , Jiliang Tang , Charu Aggarwal , Prasenjit Mitra , Suhang Wang

With the widespread application of deep learning across various domains, concerns about its security have grown significantly. Among these, backdoor attacks pose a serious security threat to deep neural networks (DNNs). In recent years,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Wenmin Chen , Xiaowei Xu

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have shown great success in detecting intellectual property (IP) piracy and hardware Trojans (HTs). However, the machine learning community has demonstrated that GNNs are susceptible to data poisoning attacks,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-27 Lilas Alrahis , Satwik Patnaik , Muhammad Abdullah Hanif , Muhammad Shafique , Ozgur Sinanoglu

Generalization of machine learning models can be severely compromised by data poisoning, where adversarial changes are applied to the training data. This vulnerability has led to interest in certifying (i.e., proving) that such changes up…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Lukas Gosch , Mahalakshmi Sabanayagam , Debarghya Ghoshdastidar , Stephan Günnemann

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to a class of attacks called "backdoor attacks", which create an association between a backdoor trigger and a target label the attacker is interested in exploiting. A backdoored DNN performs well…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-23 Hasan Abed Al Kader Hammoud , Shuming Liu , Mohammed Alkhrashi , Fahad AlBalawi , Bernard Ghanem

Graph condensation has recently emerged as a prevalent technique to improve the training efficiency for graph neural networks (GNNs). It condenses a large graph into a small one such that a GNN trained on this small synthetic graph can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Jiahao Wu , Ning Lu , Zeiyu Dai , Kun Wang , Wenqi Fan , Shengcai Liu , Qing Li , Ke Tang

Recent studies have exposed that GNNs are vulnerable to several adversarial attacks, among which backdoor attack is one of the toughest. Similar to Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), backdoor attacks in GNNs lie in the fact that the attacker…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Jiale Zhang , Chengcheng Zhu , Bosen Rao , Hao Sui , Xiaobing Sun , Bing Chen , Chunyi Zhou , Shouling Ji

Outsourced deep neural networks have been demonstrated to suffer from patch-based trojan attacks, in which an adversary poisons the training sets to inject a backdoor in the obtained model so that regular inputs can be still labeled…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Ying He , Zhili Shen , Chang Xia , Jingyu Hua , Wei Tong , Sheng Zhong

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are widely used for learning from graph-structured data in domains such as social networks, recommender systems, and financial platforms. To comply with privacy regulations like the GDPR, CCPA, and PIPEDA,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Jiahao Zhang , Yilong Wang , Suhang Wang

Graph neural network (GNN) with a powerful representation capability has been widely applied to various areas, such as biological gene prediction, social recommendation, etc. Recent works have exposed that GNN is vulnerable to the backdoor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Haibin Zheng , Haiyang Xiong , Jinyin Chen , Haonan Ma , Guohan Huang