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Encoding continuous-variable quantum information in the optical domain has recently enabled the generation of large entangled states, yet robust implementation remains a challenge. Here, we present a straightforward protocol for generating…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-27 Sugar Singh Meena , David Barral , Ankan Das Roy , Sunita Meena , Amit Rai

Multipartite entangled states are a fundamental resource for a wide range of quantum information processing tasks. In particular, in quantum networks it is essential for the parties involved to be able to verify if entanglement is present…

High-fidelity quantum entanglement enables key quantum networking capabilities such as secure communication and distributed quantum computing, but long-distance entanglement distribution is limited by noise and loss. Entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-24 Andi Gu , Lorenzo Leone , Kenneth Goodenough , Sumeet Khatri

Standard quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols typically assume that the distant parties share a common reference frame. In practice, however, establishing and maintaining a good alignment between distant observers is rarely a trivial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-04-04 Joshua A. Slater , Cyril Branciard , Nicolas Brunner , Wolfgang Tittel

The distribution of entanglement in quantum networks is typically approached under idealized assumptions such as perfect synchronization and centralized control, while classical communication is often neglected. However, these assumptions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-04 Shahrooz Pouryousef , Hassan Shapourian , Don Towsley

For two non-communicating parties, quantum theory can give rise to probability distributions of outcomes that no local classical model can reproduce without communication. However, in the case of two-dimensional systems ($d=2$), it is known…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-29 Mani Zartab , Giulio Gasbarri , Gael Sentís , Ramon Muñoz-Tapia

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) enables two distant users to exchange a secret key with information-theoretic security, based on the fundamental laws of quantum physics. While it is arguably the most mature application of quantum…

The ability to engineer parallel, programmable operations between desired qubits within a quantum processor is central for building scalable quantum information systems. In most state-of-the-art approaches, qubits interact locally,…

A novel communication protocol based on an entangled pair of qubits is presented, allowing secure direct communication from one party to another without the need for a shared secret key. Since the information is transferred in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 Kim Bostroem

Any experiment attempting to verify the presence of entanglement in a physical system can only generate a finite amount of data. The statement that entanglement was present in the system can thus never be issued with certainty, requiring…

Distributed quantum entanglement plays a crucial role in realizing networks that connect quantum devices. However, sharing entanglement between distant nodes by means of photons is a challenging process primary due to unavoidable losses in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-27 Hikaru Shimizu , Wojciech Roga , David Elkouss , Masahiro Takeoka

Building large-scale quantum computers, essential to demonstrating quantum advantage, is a key challenge. Quantum Networks (QNs) can help address this challenge by enabling the construction of large, robust, and more capable quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-20 Xiaojie Fan , Caitao Zhan , Himanshu Gupta , C. R. Ramakrishnan

Entanglement detection is one of the most conventional tasks in quantum information processing. While most experimental demonstrations of high-dimensional entanglement rely on fidelity-based witnesses, these are powerless to detect…

Several emerging quantum technologies, including quantum networks, modular and fusion-based quantum computing, rely crucially on the ability to perform photonic Bell state measurements. Therefore, photon losses and the 50\% success…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-08 Paul Hilaire , Edwin Barnes , Sophia E. Economou , Frédéric Grosshans

The Quantum Internet, a network of quantum-enabled infrastructure, represents the next frontier in telecommunications, promising capabilities that cannot be attained by classical counterparts. A crucial step in realizing such large-scale…

We consider a one-dimensional chain of many superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs), serving as charge qubits. Each SQUID is coupled to its nearest neighbors through constant capacitances. We study the quantum logic operations…

Superconductivity · Physics 2016-08-31 G. P. Berman , A. R. Bishop , D. I. Kamenev , A. Trombettoni

Quantum networking relies on entanglement distribution between distant nodes, typically realized by swapping procedures. However, entanglement swapping is a demanding task in practice, mainly because of limited effectiveness of entangled…

Entanglement represents an important resource for quantum information processing, but its generation itself requires physical resources that are limited. We propose a scheme for generating a wide class of entangled qudit-type states of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-09 S. Ya. Kilin , A. B. Mikhalychev

In our previous paper [Phys. Rev. A 84, 042303 (2011)], we proposed an efficient scheme to purify dynamically a bipartite entangled state using short chains of atoms coupled to high-finesse optical cavities. In contrast to conventional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-30 Denis Gonta , Peter van Loock

A quantum internet aims at harnessing networked quantum technologies, namely by distributing bipartite entanglement between distant nodes. However, multipartite entanglement between the nodes may empower the quantum internet for additional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-13 Luís Bugalho , Bruno C. Coutinho , Francisco A. Monteiro , Yasser Omar