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Federated fine-tuning of on-device large language models (LLMs) mitigates privacy concerns by preventing raw data sharing. However, the intensive computational and memory demands pose significant challenges for resource-constrained edge…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Tao Li , Yulin Tang , Yiyang Song , Cong Wu , Xihui Liu , Pan Li , Xianhao Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) and other large foundation models have achieved noteworthy success, but their size exacerbates existing resource consumption and latency challenges. In particular, the large-scale deployment of these models is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Banghua Zhu , Ying Sheng , Lianmin Zheng , Clark Barrett , Michael I. Jordan , Jiantao Jiao

Autoregressive models (ARMs) are hindered by slow sequential inference. While masked diffusion models (MDMs) offer a parallel alternative, they suffer from critical drawbacks: high computational overhead from precluding Key-Value (KV)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Jia-Nan Li , Jian Guan , Wei Wu , Chongxuan Li

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) exhibit impressive performance in generative tasks but also introduce significant challenges in real-world serving due to inefficient use of the expensive, computation-optimized accelerators.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Shaoyuan Chen , Wencong Xiao , Yutong Lin , Mingxing Zhang , Yingdi Shan , Jinlei Jiang , Kang Chen , Yongwei Wu

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly accessible to end users, an ever-growing number of inference requests are initiated from edge devices and computed on centralized GPU clusters. However, the resulting exponential growth in…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Xiangchen Li , Jiakun Fan , Qingyuan Wang , Dimitrios Spatharakis , Saeid Ghafouri , Hans Vandierendonck , Deepu John , Bo Ji , Ali R. Butt , Dimitrios S. Nikolopoulos

The last decade has witnessed an explosion in the development of models, theory and computational algorithms for "big data" analysis. In particular, distributed computing has served as a natural and dominating paradigm for statistical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-11-02 Bayan Saparbayeva , Michael Minyi Zhang , Lizhen Lin

This paper proposes and analyzes a communication-efficient distributed optimization framework for general nonconvex nonsmooth signal processing and machine learning problems under an asynchronous protocol. At each iteration, worker machines…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-07-15 Jineng Ren , Jarvis Haupt

Over-the-air computation (AirComp) leverages the signal-superposition characteristic of wireless multiple access channels to perform mathematical computations. Initially introduced to enhance communication reliability in interference…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-05 Ana Pérez-Neira , Marc Martinez-Gost , Alphan Şahin , Saeed Razavikia , Carlo Fischione , Kaibin Huang

In this paper, we investigate a cell-free massive multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO)-enabled integration communication, computation, and sensing (ICCS) system, aiming to minimize the maximum computation latency to guarantee the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-25 Qihao Peng , Qu Luo , Zheng Chu , Zihuai Lin , Maged Elkashlan , Pei Xiao , George K. Karagiannidis , Christos Masouros

Federated learning (FL) over resource-constrained wireless networks has recently attracted much attention. However, most existing studies consider one FL task in single-cell wireless networks and ignore the impact of downlink/uplink…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-19 Zhibin Wang , Yong Zhou , Yuanming Shi , Weihua Zhuang

The transition toward localized intelligence through Small Language Models (SLMs) has intensified the need for rigorous performance characterization on resource-constrained edge hardware. However, objectively measuring the theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Zhen Bi , Xueshu Chen , Luoyang Sun , Yuhang Yao , Qing Shen , Jungang Lou , Cheng Deng

Federated learning (FL) is a new paradigm to train AI models over distributed edge devices (i.e., workers) using their local data, while confronting various challenges including communication resource constraints, edge heterogeneity and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Qianpiao Ma , Junlong Zhou , Xiangpeng Hou , Jianchun Liu , Hongli Xu , Jianeng Miao , Qingmin Jia

Overlapping communication with computation is crucial for distributed large-model training, yet optimizing it - especially when computation becomes the bottleneck-remains challenging. We present Lagom, a system that co-tunes communication…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Guanbin Xu , ZhenGuo Xu , Yuzhe Li , Youhui Bai , Ping Gong , Chaoyi Ruan , Cheng Li

Tensor parallelism provides an effective way to increase server large language model (LLM) inference efficiency despite adding an additional communication cost. However, as server LLMs continue to scale in size, they will need to be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Harry Dong , Tyler Johnson , Minsik Cho , Emad Soroush

Recent breakthroughs in Large-scale language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on various tasks. The immense sizes of LLMs have led to very high resource demand and cost for running the models. Though the models are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Juntao Zhao , Borui Wan , Yanghua Peng , Haibin Lin , Chuan Wu

As software may be used by multiple users, caching popular software at the wireless edge has been considered to save computation and communications resources for mobile edge computing (MEC). However, fetching uncached software from the core…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-05-07 Wanli Wen , Ying Cui , Tony Q. S. Quek , Fu-Chun Zheng , Shi Jin

This paper investigates the optimal allocation of large language model (LLM) inference workloads across heterogeneous edge data centers over time. Each data center features on-site renewable generation and faces dynamic electricity prices…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Jiaming Cheng , Duong Tung Nguyen

To efficiently exploit the massive amounts of raw data that are increasingly being generated in mobile edge networks, federated learning (FL) has emerged as a promising distributed learning technique. By collaboratively training a shared…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Yapeng Zhao , Qingqing Wu , Wen Chen , Celimuge Wu , H. Vincent Poor

Large language models (LLMs) hold tremendous potential for addressing numerous real-world challenges, yet they typically demand significant computational resources and memory. Deploying LLMs onto a resource-limited hardware device with…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Pujiang He , Shan Zhou , Changqing Li , Wenhuan Huang , Weifei Yu , Duyi Wang , Chen Meng , Sheng Gui

We study federated machine learning (ML) at the wireless edge, where power- and bandwidth-limited wireless devices with local datasets carry out distributed stochastic gradient descent (DSGD) with the help of a remote parameter server (PS).…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Mohammad Mohammadi Amiri , Deniz Gunduz