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Machine Learning (ML) models have been shown to potentially leak sensitive information, thus raising privacy concerns in ML-driven applications. This inspired recent research on removing the influence of specific data samples from a trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Youyang Qu , Xin Yuan , Ming Ding , Wei Ni , Thierry Rakotoarivelo , David Smith

Deep learning models, particularly Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, are widely used in time series forecasting due to their ability to capture complex temporal dependencies. However, evaluation integrity is often compromised by data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Salma Albelali , Moataz Ahmed

Secure multi-party machine learning allows several parties to build a model on their pooled data to increase utility while not explicitly sharing data with each other. We show that such multi-party computation can cause leakage of global…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-21 Wanrong Zhang , Shruti Tople , Olga Ohrimenko

In this paper, we consider contamination by code generation test sets, in particular in their use in modern large language models. We discuss three possible sources of such contamination and show findings supporting each of them: (i) direct…

Data leakage remains a recurrent source of optimistic bias in biomedical machine learning studies. Standard row-wise cross-validation and globally estimated preprocessing steps are often inappropriate for data with repeated measurements,…

Computation · Statistics 2026-04-14 Selçuk Korkmaz

The widespread availability of large-scale code datasets has fueled the rapid development of large language models (LLMs) for code-related tasks. These datasets may include sensitive personally identifiable information (PII), which can lead…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Yifei Ge , Zhenpeng Chen , Weisong Sun , Yuchen Chen , Chunrong Fang , Juan Zhai , Xiaofang Zhang , Xia Feng , Yang Liu , Zhenyu Chen

Machine learning (ML) models benefit from large datasets. Collecting data in biomedical domains is costly and challenging, hence, combining datasets has become a common practice. However, datasets obtained under different conditions could…

In the digital era, accidental exposure of sensitive information such as API keys, tokens, and credentials is a growing security threat. While most prior work focuses on detecting secrets in source code, leakage in software issue reports…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Sadif Ahmed , Md Nafiu Rahman , Zahin Wahab , Gias Uddin , Rifat Shahriyar

Data leakage is a well-known problem in machine learning. Data leakage occurs when information from outside the training dataset is used to create a model. This phenomenon renders a model excessively optimistic or even useless in the real…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Filip Drobnjaković , Pavle Subotić , Caterina Urban

Machine learning (ML) approaches to data analysis are now widely adopted in many fields including epidemiology and medicine. To apply these approaches, confounds must first be removed as is commonly done by featurewise removal of their…

Machine-learning models contain information about the data they were trained on. This information leaks either through the model itself or through predictions made by the model. Consequently, when the training data contains sensitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-25 Awni Hannun , Chuan Guo , Laurens van der Maaten

To continuously improve quality and reflect changes in data, machine learning applications have to regularly retrain and update their core models. We show that a differential analysis of language model snapshots before and after an update…

We introduce an analytical framework to quantify the changes in a machine learning algorithm's output distribution following the inclusion of a few data points in its training set, a notion we define as leave-one-out distinguishability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Jiayuan Ye , Anastasia Borovykh , Soufiane Hayou , Reza Shokri

We analyze data leakage in visual datasets. Data leakage refers to images in evaluation benchmarks that have been seen during training, compromising fair model evaluation. Given that large-scale datasets are often sourced from the internet,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Patrick Ramos , Ryan Ramos , Noa Garcia

How much does a machine learning algorithm leak about its training data, and why? Membership inference attacks are used as an auditing tool to quantify this leakage. In this paper, we present a comprehensive \textit{hypothesis testing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Jiayuan Ye , Aadyaa Maddi , Sasi Kumar Murakonda , Vincent Bindschaedler , Reza Shokri

High-quality, error-free datasets are a key ingredient in building reliable, accurate, and unbiased machine learning (ML) models. However, real world datasets often suffer from errors due to sensor malfunctions, data entry mistakes, or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Tommaso Bendinelli , Artur Dox , Christian Holz

In this work, a multi-stage Machine Learning (ML) pipeline is proposed for pipe leakage detection in an industrial environment. As opposed to other industrial and urban environments, the environment under study includes many interfering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Ibrahim Shaer , Abdallah Shami

System prompts are widely used to guide the outputs of large language models (LLMs). These prompts often contain business logic and sensitive information, making their protection essential. However, adversarial and even regular user queries…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Zhifeng Jiang , Zhihua Jin , Guoliang He

In today's data-driven world, the proliferation of publicly available information raises security concerns due to the information leakage (IL) problem. IL involves unintentionally exposing sensitive information to unauthorized parties via…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-02 Pritha Gupta , Marcel Wever , Eyke Hüllermeier

Large language models for code (LLM4Code) have greatly improved developer productivity but also raise privacy concerns due to their reliance on open-source repositories containing abundant personally identifiable information (PII). Prior…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Hua Yang , Alejandro Velasco , Sen Fang , Bowen Xu , Denys Poshyvanyk