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Surgical phase recognition plays a crucial role in surgical workflow analysis, enabling various applications such as surgical monitoring, skill assessment, and workflow optimization. Despite significant advancements in deep learning-based…

Deep neural networks for medical image classification often fail to generalize consistently in clinical practice due to violations of the i.i.d. assumption and opaque decision-making. This paper examines interpretability in deep neural…

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems have substantially improved dermatologists' diagnostic accuracy for melanoma, with explainable AI (XAI) systems further enhancing clinicians' confidence and trust in AI-driven decisions. Despite these…

Due to their flexibility and superior performance, machine learning models frequently complement and outperform traditional statistical survival models. However, their widespread adoption is hindered by a lack of user-friendly tools to…

Deep Learning of neural networks has progressively become more prominent in healthcare with models reaching, or even surpassing, expert accuracy levels. However, these success stories are tainted by concerning reports on the lack of model…

The development of AI-based methods to analyze radiology reports could lead to significant advances in medical diagnosis, from improving diagnostic accuracy to enhancing efficiency and reducing workload. However, the lack of…

The field of eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) aims to bring transparency to today's powerful but opaque deep learning models. While local XAI methods explain individual predictions in form of attribution maps, thereby identifying…

Despite the significant improvements that representation learning via self-supervision has led to when learning from unlabeled data, no methods exist that explain what influences the learned representation. We address this need through our…

Explainability is important for the transparency of autonomous and intelligent systems and for helping to support the development of appropriate levels of trust. There has been considerable work on developing approaches for explaining…

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems utilizing deep neural networks (DNNs) and machine learning (ML) algorithms are widely used for solving important problems in bioinformatics, biomedical informatics, and precision medicine. However,…

Medical diagnosis is not a single prediction from a fully specified vignette. It is a sequential workup: clinicians decide what evidence to obtain, revise a differential diagnosis, and stop when the diagnosis is sufficiently supported. Most…

In application domains such as healthcare, we want accurate predictive models that are also causally interpretable. In pursuit of such models, we propose a causal regularizer to steer predictive models towards causally-interpretable…

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is essential for building advanced machine learning-powered applications, especially in critical domains such as medical diagnostics or autonomous driving. Legal, business, and ethical requirements…

Nowadays Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a fundamental component of healthcare applications, both clinical and remote, but the best performing AI systems are often too complex to be self-explaining. Explainable AI (XAI) techniques…

In artificial intelligence (AI), the complexity of many models and processes surpasses human understanding, making it challenging to determine why a specific prediction is made. This lack of transparency is particularly problematic in…

As machine learning algorithms are increasingly applied to high impact yet high risk tasks, such as medical diagnosis or autonomous driving, it is critical that researchers can explain how such algorithms arrived at their predictions. In…

What does it mean for a generative AI model to be explainable? The emergent discipline of explainable AI (XAI) has made great strides in helping people understand discriminative models. Less attention has been paid to generative models that…

Hyperspectral imaging, also known as image spectrometry, is a landmark technique in geoscience and remote sensing (RS). In the past decade, enormous efforts have been made to process and analyze these hyperspectral (HS) products mainly by…

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has demonstrated substantial potential across diverse fields, yet understanding its decision-making process, especially in real-world scenarios where rationality and safety are paramount, is an ongoing challenge.…

Implicit neural representations (INRs) mark a fundamental shift in signal modeling, moving from discrete sampled data to continuous functional representations. By parameterizing signals as neural networks, INRs provide a unified framework…