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Accounting for individual differences can improve the effectiveness of visualization design. While the role of visual attention in visualization interpretation is well recognized, existing work often overlooks how this behavior varies based…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Minsuk Chang , Yao Wang , Huichen Will Wang , Yuanhong Zhou , Andreas Bulling , Cindy Xiong Bearfield

Researchers in the humanities are among the many who are now exploring the world of big data. They have begun to use programming languages like Python or R and their corresponding libraries to manipulate large data sets and discover brand…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-07-30 Dewi Yokelson

This paper explores capabilities of Vision Language Models on spreadsheet comprehension. We propose three self-supervised challenges with corresponding evaluation metrics to comprehensively evaluate VLMs on Optical Character Recognition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Shiyu Xia , Junyu Xiong , Haoyu Dong , Jianbo Zhao , Yuzhang Tian , Mengyu Zhou , Yeye He , Shi Han , Dongmei Zhang

Modern vision-language models (VLMs) often fail at cultural competency evaluations and benchmarks. Given the diversity of applications built upon VLMs, there is renewed interest in understanding how they encode cultural nuances. While…

Data Visualization has become an important aspect of big data analytics and has grown in sophistication and variety. We specifically identify the need for an analytical framework for data visualization with textual information. Data…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Cherilyn Conner , Jim Samuel , Andrey Kretinin , Yana Samuel , Lee Nadeau

Information literacy (IL) involves a group of competences and fundamental skills in the 21st century. Today, society operates around information, which is challenging considering the vast amount of content available online. People must be…

Spatial relations are a basic part of human cognition. However, they are expressed in natural language in a variety of ways, and previous work has suggested that current vision-and-language models (VLMs) struggle to capture relational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-23 Fangyu Liu , Guy Emerson , Nigel Collier

Despite their success, current training pipelines for reasoning VLMs focus on a limited range of tasks, such as mathematical and logical reasoning. As a result, these models face difficulties in generalizing their reasoning capabilities to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Yuheng Zha , Kun Zhou , Yujia Wu , Yushu Wang , Jie Feng , Zhi Xu , Shibo Hao , Zhengzhong Liu , Eric P. Xing , Zhiting Hu

Vision-language Models (VLMs) have emerged as general-purpose tools for addressing a variety of complex computer vision problems. Such models have been shown to be highly capable, but, at the same time, lacking some basic visual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Shivam Chandhok , Wan-Cyuan Fan , Vered Shwartz , Vineeth N Balasubramanian , Leonid Sigal

Vision and Language (VL) models have demonstrated remarkable zero-shot performance in a variety of tasks. However, some aspects of complex language understanding still remain a challenge. We introduce the collective notion of Structured…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Sivan Doveh , Assaf Arbelle , Sivan Harary , Rameswar Panda , Roei Herzig , Eli Schwartz , Donghyun Kim , Raja Giryes , Rogerio Feris , Shimon Ullman , Leonid Karlinsky

Visual question answering (VQA) is a task that combines both the techniques of computer vision and natural language processing. It requires models to answer a text-based question according to the information contained in a visual. In recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Yeyun Zou , Qiyu Xie

Existing data visualization formalisms are restricted to single-table inputs, which makes existing visualization grammars like Vega-lite or ggplot2 tedious to use, have overly complex APIs, and unsound when visualization multi-table data.…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Eugene Wu , Xiang Yu Tuang , Antonio Li , Vareesh Bainwala

Language plays a critical role in Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models, yet the linguistic characteristics of the datasets used to train and evaluate these systems remain poorly documented. In this work, we present a systematic dataset audit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Selma Wanna , Agnes Luhtaru , Jonathan Salfity , Ryan Barron , Juston Moore , Cynthia Matuszek , Mitch Pryor

Disentangled Representation Learning (DRL) aims to learn a model capable of identifying and disentangling the underlying factors hidden in the observable data in representation form. The process of separating underlying factors of variation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Xin Wang , Hong Chen , Si'ao Tang , Zihao Wu , Wenwu Zhu

Large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks and domains. Despite this promise, spatial understanding and reasoning -- a fundamental component of human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Jiayu Wang , Yifei Ming , Zhenmei Shi , Vibhav Vineet , Xin Wang , Yixuan Li , Neel Joshi

Reading analysis can give important information about a user's confidence and habits and can be used to construct feedback to improve a user's reading behavior. A lack of labeled data inhibits the effective application of fully-supervised…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Md. Rabiul Islam , Shuji Sakamoto , Yoshihiro Yamada , Andrew Vargo , Motoi Iwata , Masakazu Iwamura , Koichi Kise

Making a good graphic that accurately and efficiently conveys the desired message to the audience is both an art and a science, typically not taught in the data science curriculum. Visualisation makeovers are exercises where the community…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Siddharth Gangwar , David A. Selby , Sebastian J. Vollmer

Knowledge of human perception has long been incorporated into visualizations to enhance their quality and effectiveness. The last decade, in particular, has shown an increase in perception-based visualization research studies. With all of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Ghulam Jilani Quadri , Paul Rosen

Systematic generalization is a crucial aspect of intelligence, which refers to the ability to generalize to novel tasks by combining known subtasks and concepts. One critical factor that has been shown to influence systematic generalization…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Amir Rahimi , Vanessa D'Amario , Moyuru Yamada , Kentaro Takemoto , Tomotake Sasaki , Xavier Boix

Utilizing Visualization-oriented Natural Language Interfaces (V-NLI) as a complementary input modality to direct manipulation for visual analytics can provide an engaging user experience. It enables users to focus on their tasks rather than…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-02-07 Leixian Shen , Enya Shen , Yuyu Luo , Xiaocong Yang , Xuming Hu , Xiongshuai Zhang , Zhiwei Tai , Jianmin Wang