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An important problem in quantum information processing is the certification of the dimension of quantum systems without making assumptions about the devices used to prepare and measure them, that is, in a device-independent manner. A…

Quantum theory is compatible with scenarios in which the order of operations is indefinite. Experimental investigations of such scenarios, all of which have been based on a process known as the quantum switch, have provided demonstrations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-12 Tein van der Lugt , Jonathan Barrett , Giulio Chiribella

We present a detailed description of a widely applicable mathematical model for quantum key distribution (QKD) systems implementing the measurement-device-independent (MDI) protocol. The model is tested by comparing its predictions with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-05-22 Philip Chan , Joshua A. Slater , Itzel Lucio-Martinez , Allison Rubenok , Wolfgang Tittel

Self-testing has been established as a major approach for quantum device certification based on experimental statistics under minimal assumptions. However, despite more than 20 years of research effort most of the self-testing protocols are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-05 Harshank Shrotriya , Leong-Chuan Kwek , Kishor Bharti

Device-independent quantum key distribution (DI-QKD) enables information-theoretically secure key exchange between remote parties without any assumptions on the internal workings of the devices used for its implementation. However, its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-20 Makoto Ishihara , Anthony Brendan , Wojciech Roga , Ulrik L. Andersen , Masahiro Takeoka

Security proofs of quantum key distribution (QKD) often require post-processing schemes to simplify the data structure, and hence the security proof. We show a generic method to improve resulting secure key rates by partially reversing the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-29 Xiongfeng Ma , Norbert Lütkenhaus

We show that in device independent quantum key distribution protocols the privacy of randomness is of crucial importance. For sublinear test sample sizes even the slightest guessing probability by an eavesdropper will completely compromise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-09-12 Marcus Huber , Marcin Pawlowski

Quantum measurements on a two-level system can have more than two independent outcomes, and in this case, the measurement cannot be projective. Measurements of this general type are essential to an operational approach to quantum theory,…

Noisy unsharp measurements incorporated in quantum information protocols may hinder performance, reducing the quantum advantage. However, we show that, unlike projective measurements which completely destroy quantum correlations between…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-01 Sudipta Mondal , Pritam Halder , Amit Kumar Pal , Aditi Sen De

Characterizing large quantum systems with minimal assumptions is a central challenge in quantum information science. Self-testing provides the strongest form of certification by identifying the underlying quantum state solely from observed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-15 Jinchang Liu , Elias X. Huber , Zhenyu Du , Xingjian Zhang , Xiongfeng Ma

We present a new quantum secret sharing protocol based on recent advances in Mermin-type contextuality scenarios, which has some security guarantees against postquantum nonsignaling attackers. It is a fundamental assumption of secret…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-16 Stefano Gogioso

We present the optimal collective attack on a Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol in the "device-independent" security scenario, where no assumptions are made about the way the QKD devices work or on what quantum system they operate.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-10-22 Antonio Acin , Nicolas Brunner , Nicolas Gisin , Serge Massar , Stefano Pironio , Valerio Scarani

Quantum communication has demonstrated its usefulness for quantum cryptography far beyond quantum key distribution. One domain is two-party cryptography, whose goal is to allow two parties who may not trust each other to solve joint tasks.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-08 Jeremy Ribeiro , Le Phuc Thinh , Jedrzej Kaniewski , Jonas Helsen , Stephanie Wehner

Remote entanglement between widely separated qubits is a fundamental quantum phenomenon and a critical resource for quantum information applications. Generating entanglement between independent qubits separated by arbitrary, potentially…

The self-testing protocols refer to novel device-independent certification schemes wherein the devices are uncharacterised, and the dimension of the system remains unspecified. The optimal quantum violation of a Bell's inequality…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-21 Rajdeep Paul , Souradeep Sasmal , A. K. Pan

In Quantum Private Query (QPQ), a client obtains values corresponding to his query only and nothing else from the server and the server does not get any information about the queries. Giovannetti et al. (Phys. Rev. Lett., 2008) gave the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-03 Arpita Maitra , Goutam Paul , Sarbani Roy

Quantum computers are on the brink of surpassing the capabilities of even the most powerful classical computers. This naturally raises the question of how one can trust the results of a quantum computer when they cannot be compared to…

Quantum secret sharing (QSS) plays a pivotal role in multiparty quantum communication, ensuring the secure distribution of private information among multiple parties. However, the security of QSS schemes can be compromised by attacks…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-03 Tianqi Liu , Jiancheng Lai , Zhenhua Li , Tao Li

Self-testing is a method to certify devices from the result of a Bell test. Although examples of noise tolerant self-testing are known, it is not clear how to deal efficiently with a finite number of experimental trials to certify the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-03 Jean-Daniel Bancal , Kai Redeker , Pavel Sekatski , Wenjamin Rosenfeld , Nicolas Sangouard

We here present the rate analysis and a proof of principle realization of a device-independent quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol requiring the lowest detection efficiency necessary to achieve a secure key compared to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-08 Giuseppe Vallone , Alberto Dall'Arche , Marco Tomasin , Paolo Villoresi