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Large Language Model (LLM)-generated data is increasingly used in software analytics, but it is unclear how this data compares to human-written data, particularly when models are exposed to adversarial scenarios. Adversarial attacks can…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Md. Abdul Awal , Mrigank Rochan , Chanchal K. Roy

In this work, we explore uncertainty estimation as a proxy for correctness in LLM-generated code. To this end, we adapt two state-of-the-art techniques from natural language generation -- one based on entropy and another on mutual…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Arindam Sharma , Cristina David

The development of modern NLP applications often relies on various benchmark datasets containing plenty of manually labeled tests to evaluate performance. While constructing datasets often costs many resources, the performance on the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Pin Ji , Yang Feng , Weitao Huang , Jia Liu , Zhihong Zhao

Software testing ensures the quality and reliability of software products, but manual test case creation is labor-intensive. With the rise of large language models (LLMs), there is growing interest in unit test creation with LLMs. However,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Hung-Fu Chang , Mohammad Shokrolah Shirazi

Regression testing is an essential activity to assure that software code changes do not adversely affect existing functionalities. With the wide adoption of Continuous Integration (CI) in software projects, which increases the frequency of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Rongqi Pan , Mojtaba Bagherzadeh , Taher A. Ghaleb , Lionel Briand

We explored the challenges practitioners face in software testing and proposed automated solutions to address these obstacles. We began with a survey of local software companies and 26 practitioners, revealing that the primary challenge is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Navid Bin Hasan , Md. Ashraful Islam , Junaed Younus Khan , Sanjida Senjik , Anindya Iqbal

The practice of unit testing enables programmers to obtain automated feedback on whether a currently edited program is consistent with the expectations specified in test cases. Feedback is most valuable when it happens immediately, as…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-02-21 Toni Mattis , Robert Hirschfeld

Generating fake data is an essential dimension of modern software testing, as demonstrated by the number and significance of data faking libraries. Yet, developers of faking libraries cannot keep up with the wide range of data to be…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Benoit Baudry , Khashayar Etemadi , Sen Fang , Yogya Gamage , Yi Liu , Yuxin Liu , Martin Monperrus , Javier Ron , André Silva , Deepika Tiwari

Large Language Models (LLMs) have successfully been applied to code generation tasks, raising the question of how well these models understand programming. Typical programming languages have invariances and equivariances in their semantics…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Antonio Valerio Miceli-Barone , Fazl Barez , Ioannis Konstas , Shay B. Cohen

Software developers often repeat code changes, known as "code change patterns" (CPATs), within and across projects. Automating these CPATs accelerates development, but current Transformation by Example (TBE) techniques are limited by the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Malinda Dilhara , Abhiram Bellur , Timofey Bryksin , Danny Dig

Even when aggregate accuracy is high, state-of-the-art NLP models often fail systematically on specific subgroups of data, resulting in unfair outcomes and eroding user trust. Additional data collection may not help in addressing these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Zexue He , Marco Tulio Ribeiro , Fereshte Khani

Python's dynamic nature complicates testing and increases the possibility that some defects evade detection, so an effective fault prediction becomes essential. We examine whether post-release faults can be predicted using modern ML and DL.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Giuseppe De Rosa , Pietro Liguori

In recent years, there has been a resurgence of interest in non-autoregressive text generation in the context of general language modeling. Unlike the well-established autoregressive language modeling paradigm, which has a plethora of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Dhruvesh Patel , Durga Prasad Maram , Sai Sreenivas Chintha , Benjamin Rozonoyer , Andrew McCallum

This study presents a comprehensive empirical evaluation of six state-of-the-art large language models (LLMs) for code generation, including both general-purpose and code-specialized models. Using a dataset of 944 real-world LeetCode…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Le Zhang , Suresh Kothari

Symbolic execution is a key technology in software testing, which generates test cases by collecting symbolic path constraints and then solving constraints with SMT solvers. Symbolic execution has been proven helpful in generating…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Wenhan Wang , Kaibo Liu , An Ran Chen , Ge Li , Zhi Jin , Gang Huang , Lei Ma

Recent advancements in natural language processing \cite{gpt2} \cite{BERT} have led to near-human performance in multiple natural language tasks. In this paper, we seek to understand whether similar techniques can be applied to a highly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Luis Perez , Lizi Ottens , Sudharshan Viswanathan

Large language models (LLMs) have shown significant advancements in code generation, but still face challenges on tasks beyond their basic capabilities. Recently, the notion of self-debugging has been proposed to boost the performance of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Xiancai Chen , Zhengwei Tao , Kechi Zhang , Changzhi Zhou , Wanli Gu , Yuanpeng He , Mengdi Zhang , Xunliang Cai , Haiyan Zhao , Zhi Jin

In this paper, we propose a novel prompting approach aimed at enhancing the ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate accurate Python code. Specifically, we introduce a prompt template designed to improve the quality and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Rogelio Cruz , Jonatan Contreras , Francisco Guerrero , Ezequiel Rodriguez , Carlos Valdez , Citlali Carrillo

Testing PLC and DCS control logic in industrial automation is laborious and challenging since appropriate test cases are often complex and difficult to formulate. Researchers have previously proposed several automated test case generation…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Heiko Koziolek , Virendra Ashiwal , Soumyadip Bandyopadhyay , Chandrika K R

A less complex and more straightforward program is a crucial factor that enhances its maintainability and makes writing secure and bug-free programs easier. However, due to its heavy workload and the risks of breaking the working programs,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Atsushi Shirafuji , Yusuke Oda , Jun Suzuki , Makoto Morishita , Yutaka Watanobe