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"Sparse" neural networks, in which relatively few neurons or connections are active, are common in both machine learning and neuroscience. Whereas in machine learning, "sparsity" is related to a penalty term that leads to some connecting…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Luca Manneschi , Andrew C. Lin , Eleni Vasilaki

Continual learning aims to acquire new tasks while preserving performance on previously learned ones, but most methods struggle with catastrophic forgetting. Existing approaches typically treat all layers uniformly, often trading stability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Hengyi Wu , Zhenyi Wang , Heng Huang

Entity alignment (EA) which links equivalent entities across different knowledge graphs (KGs) plays a crucial role in knowledge fusion. In recent years, graph neural networks (GNNs) have been successfully applied in many embedding-based EA…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Feng Xie , Xiang Zeng , Bin Zhou , Yusong Tan

Sparse neural systems are gaining traction for efficient continual learning due to their modularity and low interference. Architectures such as Sparse Distributed Memory Multi-Layer Perceptrons (SDMLP) construct task-specific subnetworks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Huiyan Xue , Xuming Ran , Yaxin Li , Qi Xu , Enhui Li , Yi Xu , Qiang Zhang

Imposing physical constraints on neural networks as a method of knowledge embedding has achieved great progress in solving physical problems described by governing equations. However, for many engineering problems, governing equations often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-12 Mengge Du , Yuntian Chen , Dongxiao Zhang

Spiking Neural Networks (SNN) are energy-efficient computing architectures that exchange spikes for processing information, unlike classical Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). Due to this, SNNs are better suited for real-life deployments.…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-05-04 Ravi Kumar Kushawaha , Saurabh Kumar , Biplab Banerjee , Rajbabu Velmurugan

Extended sequence generation often leads to degradation in contextual consistency due to the inability of conventional self-attention mechanisms to effectively retain long-range dependencies. Existing approaches, including memory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Jonathan Teel , Jocasta Cumberbatch , Raphael Benington , Quentin Baskerville

This paper contributes to a development of randomized methods for neural networks. The proposed learner model is generated incrementally by stochastic configuration (SC) algorithms, termed as Stochastic Configuration Networks (SCNs). In…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-02-14 Dianhui Wang , Ming Li

Understanding how network function constrains neural connectivity is a central challenge in neuroscience. An influential approach is to train neural networks with gradient descent on cognitive tasks and characterize the resulting…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-26 Ludwig Hruza , Srdjan Ostojic

The ability to continuously learn remains elusive for deep learning models. Unlike humans, models cannot accumulate knowledge in their weights when learning new tasks, mainly due to an excess of plasticity and the low incentive to reuse…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-21 Vladimir Araujo , Julio Hurtado , Alvaro Soto , Marie-Francine Moens

Studies regarding knowledge organization and acquisition are of great importance to understand areas related to science and technology. A common way to model the relationship between different concepts is through complex networks. In such…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-08-09 Thales S. Lima , Henrique F. de Arruda , Filipi N. Silva , Cesar H. Comin , Diego R. Amancio , Luciano da F. Costa

This paper designs and implements an explainable recommendation model that integrates knowledge graphs with structure-aware attention mechanisms. The model is built on graph neural networks and incorporates a multi-hop neighbor aggregation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Shuangquan Lyu , Ming Wang , Huajun Zhang , Jiasen Zheng , Junjiang Lin , Xiaoxuan Sun

This paper proposes a new optimization algorithm called Entropy-SGD for training deep neural networks that is motivated by the local geometry of the energy landscape. Local extrema with low generalization error have a large proportion of…

This paper describes a new entropy-style of equation that may be useful in a general sense, but can be applied to a cognitive model with related processes. The model is based on the human brain, with automatic and distributed pattern…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Kieran Greer

Node importance estimation problem has been studied conventionally with homogeneous network topology analysis. To deal with network heterogeneity, a few recent methods employ graph neural models to automatically learn diverse sources of…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Yankai Chen , Yixiang Fang , Qiongyan Wang , Xin Cao , Irwin King

Despite their impressive performance, contemporary neural networks often lack structural safeguards that promote stable learning and interpretable behavior. In this work, we introduce a reformulation of layer-level transformations that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Saleh Nikooroo , Thomas Engel

Constructivist epistemology argues that knowledge is actively constructed rather than passively copied. Despite the generative nature of Large Language Models (LLMs), most existing agent memory systems are still based on dense retrieval.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Lei Zheng , Weinan Song , Daili Li , Yanming Yang

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have superb characteristics in sensory information recognition tasks due to their biological plausibility. However, the performance of some current spiking-based models is limited by their structures which…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Qi Xu , Yaxin Li , Xuanye Fang , Jiangrong Shen , Jian K. Liu , Huajin Tang , Gang Pan

Knowledge augmentation has significantly enhanced the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) in knowledge-intensive tasks. However, existing methods typically operate on the simplistic premise that model performance equates with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Hao Chen , Ye He , Yuchun Fan , Yukun Yan , Zhenghao Liu , Qingfu Zhu , Maosong Sun , Wanxiang Che

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) promise orders-of-magnitude efficiency gains by communicating with sparse, event-driven spikes rather than dense numerical activations. However, most training pipelines either rely on surrogate-gradient…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Arman Ferdowsi , Atakan Aral