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We present MultiCamCows2024, a farm-scale image dataset filmed across multiple cameras for the biometric identification of individual Holstein-Friesian cattle exploiting their unique black and white coat-patterns. Captured by three…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Phoenix Yu , Tilo Burghardt , Andrew W Dowsey , Neill W Campbell

Activity and behaviour correlate with dairy cow health and welfare, making continual and accurate monitoring crucial for disease identification and farm productivity. Manual observation and frequent assessments are laborious and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Kumail Abbas , Zeeshan Afzal , Aqeel Raza , Taha Mansouri , Andrew W. Dowsey , Chaidate Inchaisri , Ali Alameer

Identifying individual animals in long-duration videos is essential for behavioral ecology, wildlife monitoring, and livestock management. Traditional methods require extensive manual annotation, while existing self-supervised approaches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Xuyang Fang , Sion Hannuna , Edwin Simpson , Neill Campbell

In this paper we publish the largest identity-annotated Holstein-Friesian cattle dataset Cows2021 and a first self-supervision framework for video identification of individual animals. The dataset contains 10,402 RGB images with labels for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-06 Jing Gao , Tilo Burghardt , William Andrew , Andrew W. Dowsey , Neill W. Campbell

Cattle farming is one of the important and profitable agricultural industries. Employing intelligent automated precision livestock farming systems that can count animals, track the animals and their poses will raise productivity and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Kian Eng Ong , Sivaji Retta , Ramarajulu Srinivasan , Shawn Tan , Jun Liu

Animal welfare has become a critical issue in contemporary society, emphasizing our ethical responsibilities toward animals, particularly within livestock farming. The advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, specifically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Voncarlos M. Araújo , Ines Rili , Thomas Gisiger , Sebastien Gambs , Elsa Vasseur , Marjorie Cellier , Abdoulaye Baniré Diallo

We describe a practically evaluated approach for training visual cattle ID systems for a whole farm requiring only ten minutes of labelling effort. In particular, for the task of automatic identification of individual Holstein-Friesians in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Jing Gao , Tilo Burghardt , Neill W. Campbell

Monitoring calf body weight (BW) before weaning is essential for assessing growth, feed efficiency, health, and weaning readiness. However, labor, time, and facility constraints limit BW collection. Additionally, Holstein calf coat patterns…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-28 Mingsi Liao , Gota Morota , Ye Bi , Rebecca R. Cockrum

This paper describes a computationally-enhanced M100 UAV platform with an onboard deep learning inference system for integrated computer vision and navigation able to autonomously find and visually identify by coat pattern individual…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-07-12 William Andrew , Colin Greatwood , Tilo Burghardt

The management of cattle over a huge area is still a challenging problem in the farming sector. With evolution in technology, Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with consumer level digital cameras are becoming a popular alternative to manual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-23 Aparna Mendu , Bhavya Sehgal , Vaishnavi Mendu

Getting new insights on pre-weaned calf behavioral adaptation to routine challenges (transport, group relocation, etc.) and diseases (respiratory diseases, diarrhea, etc.) is a promising way to improve calf welfare in dairy farms. A classic…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-04 Oshana Dissanayake , Sarah E. McPherson , Joseph Allyndree , Emer Kennedy , Padraig Cunningham , Lucile Riaboff

With the advance of AI, road object detection has been a prominent topic in computer vision, mostly using perspective cameras. Fisheye lens provides omnidirectional wide coverage for using fewer cameras to monitor road intersections,…

Robust visual recognition in underwater environments remains a significant challenge due to complex distortions such as turbidity, low illumination, and occlusion, which severely degrade the performance of standard vision systems. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Taufikur Rahman Fuad , Sabbir Ahmed , Shahriar Ivan

You Only Look Once (YOLO) is a single-stage object detection model popular for real-time object detection, accuracy, and speed. This paper investigates the YOLOv5 model to identify cattle in the yards. The current solution to cattle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Rabin Dulal , Lihong Zheng , Muhammad Ashad Kabir , Shawn McGrath , Jonathan Medway , Dave Swain , Will Swain

This paper proposes and evaluates, for the first time, a top-down (dorsal view), depth-only deep learning system for accurately identifying individual cattle and provides associated code, datasets, and training weights for immediate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Asheesh Sharma , Lucy Randewich , William Andrew , Sion Hannuna , Neill Campbell , Siobhan Mullan , Andrew W. Dowsey , Melvyn Smith , Mark Hansen , Tilo Burghardt

The convergence of IoT sensing, edge computing, and machine learning is transforming precision livestock farming. Yet bioacoustic data streams remain underused because of computational complexity and ecological validity challenges. We…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Mayuri Kate , Suresh Neethirajan

Robust behaviour recognition in real-world farm environments remains challenging due to several data-related limitations, including the scarcity of well-annotated livestock video datasets and the substantial domain gap between large-scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Huimin Liu , Jing Gao , Daria Baran , AxelX Montout , Neill W Campbell , Andrew W Dowsey

Marine animals and deep underwater objects are difficult to recognize and monitor for safety of aquatic life. There is an increasing challenge when the water is saline with granular particles and impurities. In such natural adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Sanyam Jain

Precision livestock farming (PLF) increasingly relies on advanced object localization techniques to monitor livestock health and optimize resource management. This study investigates the generalization capabilities of YOLOv8 and YOLOv9…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Mautushi Das , Gonzalo Ferreira , C. P. James Chen

Camera traps are used worldwide to monitor wildlife. Despite the increasing availability of Deep Learning (DL) models, the effective usage of this technology to support wildlife monitoring is limited. This is mainly due to the complexity of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Mateusz Choinski , Mateusz Rogowski , Piotr Tynecki , Dries P. J. Kuijper , Marcin Churski , Jakub W. Bubnicki
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