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Blood pressure (BP) is a key indicator of cardiovascular health. As hypertension remains a global cause of morbidity and mortality, accurate, continuous, and non-invasive BP monitoring is therefore of paramount importance.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-20 Bálint Tóth , Dominik Senti , Thorir Mar Ingolfsson , Jeffrey Zweidler , Alexandre Elsig , Luca Benini , Yawei Li

Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is a common and powerful tool to study heart function and diagnose several abnormal arrhythmias. While there have been remarkable improvements in cardiac arrhythmia classification methods, they still cannot…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2019-03-14 Sajad Mousavi , Fatemeh Afghah , U. Rajendra Acharya

Electrocardiogram (ECG) plays a foundational role in modern cardiovascular care, enabling non-invasive diagnosis of arrhythmias, myocardial ischemia, and conduction disorders. While machine learning has achieved expert-level performance in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-22 Deyun Zhang , Xiang Lan , Shijia Geng , Qinghao Zhao , Sumei Fan , Mengling Feng , Shenda Hong

The vast majority of cardiovascular diseases may be preventable if early signs and risk factors are detected. Cardiovascular monitoring with body-worn sensor devices like sensor patches allows for the detection of such signs while…

Cardiac biosignals, such as electrocardiograms (ECG) and photoplethysmograms (PPG), are of paramount importance for the diagnosis, prevention, and management of cardiovascular diseases, and have been extensively used in a variety of…

We present ECG-Expert-QA, a comprehensive multimodal dataset for evaluating diagnostic capabilities in electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation. It combines real-world clinical ECG data with systematically generated synthetic cases, covering…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-08 Xu Wang , Jiaju Kang , Puyu Han , Yubao Zhao , Qian Liu , Liwenfei He , Lingqiong Zhang , Lingyun Dai , Yongcheng Wang , Jie Tao

Multimodal deep learning foundation models can learn the relationship between images and text. In the context of medical imaging, mapping images to language concepts reflects the clinical task of diagnostic image interpretation, however…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Matthew Christensen , Milos Vukadinovic , Neal Yuan , David Ouyang

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is the primary non-invasive diagnostic tool for monitoring cardiac conditions and is crucial in assisting clinicians. Recent studies have concentrated on classifying cardiac conditions using ECG data but have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Zhongwei Wan , Che Liu , Xin Wang , Chaofan Tao , Hui Shen , Jing Xiong , Rossella Arcucci , Huaxiu Yao , Mi Zhang

The alarmingly high mortality rate and increasing global prevalence of cardiovascular diseases signify the crucial need for early detection schemes. Phonocardiogram (PCG) signals have been historically applied in this domain owing to its…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-09 Samiul Based Shuvo , Shams Nafisa Ali , Soham Irtiza Swapnil , Mabrook S. Al-Rakhami , Abdu Gumaei

Artificial intelligence (AI) that can effectively learn ultrasound representations by integrating multi-source data holds significant promise for advancing clinical care. However, the scarcity of large labeled datasets in real-world…

An estimated 180 papers focusing on deep learning and EHR were published between 2010 and 2018. Despite the common workflow structure appearing in these publications, no trusted and verified software framework exists, forcing researchers to…

Electrocardiograms (ECGs) have shown unique patterns to distinguish between different subjects and present important advantages compared to other biometric traits, such as difficulty to counterfeit, liveness detection, and ubiquity. Also,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Pietro Melzi , Ruben Tolosana , Ruben Vera-Rodriguez

Electrocardiogram (ECG) foundation models represent a paradigm shift from task-specific pipelines to generalizable architectures pre-trained on large-scale unlabeled waveform data. This survey presents a unified and deployment-aware review…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-06 Mudassir Hasan Khan , Ahmad Nayfeh , Mudassir Masood , Ali Ahmad Al-Shaikhi , Muhammad Mahboob Ur Rahman , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

Objective: A novel ECG classification algorithm is proposed for continuous cardiac monitoring on wearable devices with limited processing capacity. Methods: The proposed solution employs a novel architecture consisting of wavelet transform…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-22 Saeed Saadatnejad , Mohammadhosein Oveisi , Matin Hashemi

High-cardinality categorical features are a common characteristic of mixed-type tabular datasets. Existing generative model architectures struggle to learn the complexities of such data at scale, primarily due to the difficulty of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Lee Carlin , Yuval Benjamini

Electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation is a cornerstone of cardiac diagnostics. This paper explores a practical approach to enhance ECG image interpretation using the multimodal LLaMA 3.2 model. We used a parameter-efficient fine-tuning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Nandakishor M , Anjali M

Deep neural networks have become increasingly popular for analyzing ECG data because of their ability to accurately identify cardiac conditions and hidden clinical factors. However, the lack of transparency due to the black box nature of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-03 Patrick Wagner , Temesgen Mehari , Wilhelm Haverkamp , Nils Strodthoff

Echocardiography is crucial for cardiovascular disease detection but relies heavily on experienced sonographers. Echocardiography probe guidance systems, which provide real-time movement instructions for acquiring standard plane images,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Yang Yue , Yulin Wang , Haojun Jiang , Pan Liu , Shiji Song , Gao Huang

Echocardiography is essential to modern cardiology. However, human interpretation limits high throughput analysis, limiting echocardiography from reaching its full clinical and research potential for precision medicine. Deep learning is a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-06-28 Ali Madani , Ramy Arnaout , Mohammad Mofrad , Rima Arnaout

Continuous monitoring of cardiac activity is paramount to understanding the functioning of the heart in addition to identifying precursors to conditions such as Atrial Fibrillation. Through continuous cardiac monitoring, early indications…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Prithvi Suresh , Naveen Narayanan , Chakilam Vijay Pranav , Vineeth Vijayaraghavan