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While ECG data is crucial for diagnosing and monitoring heart conditions, it also contains unique biometric information that poses significant privacy risks. Existing ECG re-identification studies rely on exhaustive analysis of numerous…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-21 Ziyu Wang , Anil Kanduri , Seyed Amir Hossein Aqajari , Salar Jafarlou , Sanaz R. Mousavi , Pasi Liljeberg , Shaista Malik , Amir M. Rahmani

The increasing availability of publicly shared electrocardiogram (ECG) data raises critical privacy concerns, as its biometric properties make individuals vulnerable to linkage attacks. Unlike prior studies that assume idealized adversarial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Ziyu Wang , Elahe Khatibi , Farshad Firouzi , Sanaz Rahimi Mousavi , Krishnendu Chakrabarty , Amir M. Rahmani

Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal exhibits inherent uniqueness, making it a promising biometric modality for identity authentication. As a result, ECG authentication has gained increasing attention in recent years. However, most existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Mingyu Dong , Zhidong Zhao , Hao Wang , Yefei Zhang , Yanjun Deng

Reconstructing ECG from PPG is a promising yet challenging task. While recent advancements in generative models have significantly improved ECG reconstruction, accurately capturing fine-grained waveform features remains a key challenge. To…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-24 Xiaoyan Li , Shixin Xu , Faisal Habib , Arvind Gupta , Huaxiong Huang

Biomedical signals provide insights into various conditions affecting the human body. Beyond diagnostic capabilities, these signals offer a deeper understanding of how specific organs respond to an individual's emotions and feelings. For…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-08 Pubudu L. Indrasiri , Bipasha Kashyap , Pubudu N. Pathirana

User authentication is a pivotal element in security systems. Conventional methods including passwords, personal identification numbers, and identification tags are increasingly vulnerable to cyber-attacks. This paper suggests a paradigm…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Naveenkumar G Venkataswamy , Masudul H Imtiaz

Electrocardiography (ECG), an electrical measurement which captures cardiac activities, is the gold standard for diagnosing cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, ECG is infeasible for continuous cardiac monitoring due to its requirement…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-06 Ella Lan

Electrocardiogram (ECG) biometrics have emerged as a promising modality for continuous, liveness-aware authentication in wearable systems. However, many prior studies report overly optimistic results due to data leakage (e.g., random splits…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Milad Parvan

Electrocardiogram is a useful diagnostic signal that can detect cardiac abnormalities by measuring the electrical activity generated by the heart. Due to its rapid, non-invasive, and richly informative characteristics, ECG has many emerging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Hanhui Deng , Xinglin Li , Jie Luo , Di Wu

A brain-computer interface (BCI) enables direct communication between the brain and an external device. Electroencephalogram (EEG) is the preferred input signal in non-invasive BCIs, due to its convenience and low cost. EEG-based BCIs have…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Lubin Meng , Xue Jiang , Tianwang Jia , Dongrui Wu

Analyzing stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) signals is critical for brain-computer interface (BCI) applications and neuroscience research, yet poses significant challenges due to the large number of input channels and their heterogeneous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Chen Wang , Yansen Wang , Dongqi Han , Zilong Wang , Dongsheng Li

Electrocardiograms (ECGs) have shown unique patterns to distinguish between different subjects and present important advantages compared to other biometric traits, such as difficulty to counterfeit, liveness detection, and ubiquity. Also,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Pietro Melzi , Ruben Tolosana , Ruben Vera-Rodriguez

This article introduces DT4ECG, an innovative dual-task learning framework for Electrocardiogram (ECG)-based human identity recognition and activity detection. The framework employs a robust one-dimensional convolutional neural network…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-18 Siyu You , Boyuan Gu , Yanhui Yang , Shiyu Yu , Shisheng Guo

Electroencephalography (EEG) is one of the most common signals used to capture the electrical activity of the brain, and the decoding of EEG, to acquire the user intents, has been at the forefront of brain-computer/machine interfaces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Haodong Zhang , Hongqi Li

Biological signals, such as electroencephalograms (EEG), play a crucial role in numerous clinical applications, exhibiting diverse data formats and quality profiles. Current deep learning models for biosignals are typically specialized for…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-18 Chaoqi Yang , M. Brandon Westover , Jimeng Sun

In order to exploit representations of time-series signals, such as physiological signals, it is essential that these representations capture relevant information from the whole signal. In this work, we propose to use a Transformer-based…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-06-06 Juan Vazquez-Rodriguez , Grégoire Lefebvre , Julien Cumin , James L. Crowley

Human emotions are difficult to convey through words and are often abstracted in the process; however, electroencephalogram (EEG) signals can offer a more direct lens into emotional brain activity. Recent studies show that deep learning…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-19 Nilay Kumar , Priyansh Bhandari , G. Maragatham

In recent years, there has been a shift of interest towards the field of biometric authentication, which proves the identity of the user using their biological characteristics. We explore a novel biometric based on the electrical activity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-24 Nikita Samarin , Donald Sannella

At present, people usually use some methods based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for Electroencephalograph (EEG) decoding. However, CNNs have limitations in perceiving global dependencies, which is not adequate for common EEG…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-23 Yonghao Song , Xueyu Jia , Lie Yang , Longhan Xie

As the advancement of information security, human recognition as its core technology, has absorbed an increasing amount of attention in the past few years. A myriad of biometric features including fingerprint, face, iris, have been applied…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-14 Zihan Wang , Yaoguang Li , Wei Cui
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