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The performance of deep learning methods critically depends on the quality and quantity of the available training data. This is especially the case for physiological time series, which are both noisy and scarce, which calls for data…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-08 Nina Moutonnet , Gregory Scott , Danilo P. Mandic

Data augmentation is known to contribute significantly to the robustness of machine learning models. In most instances, data augmentation is utilized during the training phase. Test-Time Augmentation (TTA) is a technique that instead…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-09-20 Masanari Kimura , Howard Bondell

Atrial Fibrillation is a common form of irregular heart rhythm that can be very dangerous. Our primary goal is to analyze Atrial Fibrillation data within ECGs to develop a model based only on RR-Intervals, or the length between heart-beats,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-02-16 Georgia Smith , Yishi Wang

Deep neural networks are known to be vulnerable to unseen data: they may wrongly assign high confidence stcores to out-distribuion samples. Recent works try to solve the problem using representation learning methods and specific metrics. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Haowei He , Jiaye Teng , Yang Yuan

Test-time adaptation (TTA) refers to adapting a trained model to a new domain during testing. Existing TTA techniques rely on having multiple test images from the same domain, yet this may be impractical in real-world applications such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Haoyu Dong , Nicholas Konz , Hanxue Gu , Maciej A. Mazurowski

Data augmentation (DA) has become a de facto solution to expand training data size for deep learning. With the proliferation of deep models for time series analysis, various time series DA techniques are proposed in the literature, e.g.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Muxi Chen , Zhijian Xu , Ailing Zeng , Qiang Xu

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia with serious health consequences if not detected and treated early. Detecting AF using wearable devices with photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors and deep neural networks has…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-14 Cheng Ding , Zhicheng Guo , Cynthia Rudin , Ran Xiao , Amit Shah , Duc H. Do , Randall J Lee , Gari Clifford , Fadi B Nahab , Xiao Hu

Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) addresses domain shifts between training and testing. However, existing methods assume a homogeneous target domain (e.g., single domain) at any given time. They fail to handle the dynamic nature of real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Chuyang Ye , Dongyan Wei , Zhendong Liu , Yuanyi Pang , Yixi Lin , Qinting Jiang , Jingyan Jiang , Dongbiao He

Drowsy driving is a growing cause of traffic accidents, prompting recent exploration of electroencephalography (EEG)-based drowsiness detection systems. However, the inherent variability of EEG signals due to psychological and physical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Geun-Deok Jang , Dong-Kyun Han , Seo-Hyeon Park , Seong-Whan Lee

We tackle the task of building supervised event trigger identification models which can generalize better across domains. Our work leverages the adversarial domain adaptation (ADA) framework to introduce domain-invariance. ADA uses…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Aakanksha Naik , Carolyn Rosé

Test-time adaptation (TTA) seeks to tackle potential distribution shifts between training and testing data by adapting a given model w.r.t. any testing sample. This task is particularly important for deep models when the test environment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-01 Shuaicheng Niu , Jiaxiang Wu , Yifan Zhang , Yaofo Chen , Shijian Zheng , Peilin Zhao , Mingkui Tan

Deep neural networks demonstrate strong performance under aligned training-test distributions. However, real-world test data often exhibit domain shifts. Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) addresses this challenge by adapting the model to test data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Byung-Joon Lee , Jin-Seop Lee , Jee-Hyong Lee

Test-time adaptation (TTA) seeks to tackle potential distribution shifts between training and test data by adapting a given model w.r.t. any test sample. Although recent TTA has shown promising performance, we still face two key challenges:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Mingkui Tan , Guohao Chen , Jiaxiang Wu , Yifan Zhang , Yaofo Chen , Peilin Zhao , Shuaicheng Niu

The complexity of the patterns associated with Atrial Fibrillation (AF) and the high level of noise affecting these patterns have significantly limited the current signal processing and shallow machine learning approaches to get accurate AF…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2019-02-18 Sajad Mousavi , Fatemeh Afghah , Abolfazl Razi , U. Rajendra Acharya

Despite recent advancements in deep learning, deep neural networks continue to suffer from performance degradation when applied to new data that differs from training data. Test-time adaptation (TTA) aims to address this challenge by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Sanghun Jung , Jungsoo Lee , Nanhee Kim , Amirreza Shaban , Byron Boots , Jaegul Choo

Test-time augmentation (TTA) is a well-known technique employed during the testing phase of computer vision tasks. It involves aggregating multiple augmented versions of input data. Combining predictions using a simple average formulation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Zeinab Sherkatghanad , Moloud Abdar , Mohammadreza Bakhtyari , Pawel Plawiak , Vladimir Makarenkov

Anomaly detection is a well-known task that involves the identification of abnormal events that occur relatively infrequently. Methods for improving anomaly detection performance have been widely studied. However, no studies utilizing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Seffi Cohen , Niv Goldshlager , Lior Rokach , Bracha Shapira

Deep neural networks often encounter significant performance drops while facing with domain shifts between training (source) and test (target) data. To address this issue, Test Time Adaptation (TTA) methods have been proposed to adapt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Siqi Luo , Yi Xin , Yuntao Du , Tao Tan , Guangtao Zhai , Xiaohong Liu

Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is a heart's arrhythmia which, despite being often asymptomatic, represents an important risk factor for stroke, therefore being able to predict AF at the electrocardiogram exam, would be of great impact on actively…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-14 A. Scagnetto , G. Barbati , I. Gandin , C. Cappelletto , G. Baj , A. Cazzaniga , F. Cuturello , A. Ansuini , L. Bortolussi , A. Di Lenarda

Objective: This work aims at providing a new method for the automatic detection of atrial fibrillation, other arrhythmia and noise on short single lead ECG signals, emphasizing the importance of the interpretability of the classification…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-12-09 Tomás Teijeiro , Constantino A. García , Daniel Castro , Paulo Félix