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Established approaches to assuring safety-critical systems and software are difficult to apply to systems employing ML where there is no clear, pre-defined specification against which to assess validity. This problem is exacerbated by the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Yan Jia , John McDermid , Tom Lawton , Ibrahim Habli

Virtual Reality (VR) technology is rapidly growing in recent years. VR devices such as Meta Quest 3 utilize numerous sensors to collect users' data to provide an immersive experience. Due to the extensive data collection and the immersive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Vamsi Shankar Simhadri , Yichang Xiong , Habiba Farrukh , Xiaokuan Zhang

Ensuring both transparency and safety is critical when deploying Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) in high-risk applications, such as medicine. The field of explainable AI (XAI) has proposed various methods to comprehend the decision-making…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Maximilian Dreyer , Reduan Achtibat , Wojciech Samek , Sebastian Lapuschkin

In today's dynamic cyber threat landscape, organizations must take proactive steps to bolster their cybersecurity defenses. Cyber threat hunting is a proactive and iterative process aimed at identifying and mitigating advanced threats that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Jihane Najar , Marinos Tsantekidis , Aris Sotiropoulos , Vassilis Prevelakis

Volunteer computing uses Internet-connected devices (laptops, PCs, smart devices, etc.), in which their owners volunteer them as storage and computing power resources, has become an essential mechanism for resource management in numerous…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Safa Otoum , Burak Kantarci , Hussein Mouftah

Post-hoc explainability methods are a subset of Machine Learning (ML) that aim to provide a reason for why a model behaves in a certain way. In this paper, we show a new black-box model-agnostic adversarial attack for post-hoc explainable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Leonardo Pesce , Jiawen Wei , Gianmarco Mengaldo

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes deeply embedded in critical services and everyday products, it is increasingly exposed to security threats which traditional cyber defenses were not designed to handle. In this paper, we investigate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Natalia Krawczyk , Mateusz Szczepkowski , Adrian Brodzik , Krzysztof Bocianiak

Benefiting from the rapid development of deep learning, 2D and 3D computer vision applications are deployed in many safe-critical systems, such as autopilot and identity authentication. However, deep learning models are not trustworthy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Yanjie Li , Bin Xie , Songtao Guo , Yuanyuan Yang , Bin Xiao

Artificial Intelligence (AI) shows promising applications for the perception and planning tasks in autonomous driving (AD) due to its superior performance compared to conventional methods. However, inscrutable AI systems exacerbate the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Anton Kuznietsov , Balint Gyevnar , Cheng Wang , Steven Peters , Stefano V. Albrecht

Part of what makes the web successful is that anyone can publish content and browsers maintain certain safety guarantees. For example, it's safe to travel between links and make other trust decisions on the web because users can always…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Diane Hosfelt , Jessica Outlaw , Tyesha Snow , Sara Carbonneau

This paper presents a dynamic gamification architecture for an Extended Reality Artificial Intelligence virtual training environment designed to enhance STEM education through immersive adaptive, and kinesthetic learning. The proposed…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Shadeeb Hossain , Natalie Sommer , Neda Adib

We are witnessing the emergence of an AI economy and society where AI technologies are increasingly impacting health care, business, transportation and many aspects of everyday life. Many successes have been reported where AI systems even…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-27 D. Petkovic

Many applications have security vulnerabilities that can be exploited. It is practically impossible to find all of them due to the NP-complete nature of the testing problem. Security solutions provide defenses against these attacks through…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-17 Fady Copty , Andre Kassis , Sharon Keidar-Barner , Dov Murik

The security of open-source software repositories is increasingly threatened by next-gen software supply chain attacks. These attacks include multiphase malware execution, remote access activation, and dynamic payload generation.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Sk Tanzir Mehedi , Raja Jurdak , Chadni Islam , Abu Bakar Siddique Mahi , Gowri Ramachandran

Deep learning models have been shown to be vulnerable to recent backdoor attacks. A backdoored model behaves normally for inputs containing no attacker-secretly-chosen trigger and maliciously for inputs with the trigger. To date, backdoor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Hua Ma , Yinshan Li , Yansong Gao , Alsharif Abuadbba , Zhi Zhang , Anmin Fu , Hyoungshick Kim , Said F. Al-Sarawi , Nepal Surya , Derek Abbott

Recently, AI-driven interactions with computing devices have advanced from basic prototype tools to sophisticated, LLM-based systems that emulate human-like operations in graphical user interfaces. We are now witnessing the emergence of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Ada Chen , Yongjiang Wu , Junyuan Zhang , Jingyu Xiao , Shu Yang , Jen-tse Huang , Kun Wang , Wenxuan Wang , Shuai Wang

In the vast domain of cybersecurity, the transition from reactive defense to offensive has become critical in protecting digital infrastructures. This paper explores the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into offensive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Leroy Jacob Valencia

Virtual Reality (VR) applications require robust user identification systems to ensure secure access to equipment and protect worker identities. Motion tracking data from VR headsets and controllers has emerged as a powerful behavioral…

In the paced realms of cybersecurity and digital forensics machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) have emerged as game changing technologies that introduce methods to identify stop and analyze cyber risks. This review presents an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Jaouhar Fattahi

This article deals with the IT security of connectionist artificial intelligence (AI) applications, focusing on threats to integrity, one of the three IT security goals. Such threats are for instance most relevant in prominent AI computer…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-30 Christian Berghoff , Matthias Neu , Arndt von Twickel
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