English
Related papers

Related papers: Reliable and Efficient Amortized Model-based Evalu…

200 papers

Test collections are information-retrieval tools that allow researchers to quickly and easily evaluate ranking algorithms. While test collections have become an integral part of IR research, the process of data creation involves significant…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Rikiya Takehi , Ellen M. Voorhees , Tetsuya Sakai , Ian Soboroff

Large language models (LLMs) enable researchers to analyze text at unprecedented scale and minimal cost. Researchers can now revisit old questions and tackle novel ones with rich data. We provide an econometric framework for realizing this…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-12-08 Jens Ludwig , Sendhil Mullainathan , Ashesh Rambachan

Robust validation of Machine Learning (ML) models is essential, but traditional data partitioning approaches often ignore the intrinsic quality of each instance. This study proposes the use of Item Response Theory (IRT) parameters to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Lucas Cardoso , Vitor Santos , José Ribeiro Filho , Ricardo Prudêncio , Regiane Kawasaki , Ronnie Alves

New Large Language Models (LLMs) become available every few weeks, and modern application developers confronted with the unenviable task of having to decide if they should switch to a new model. While human evaluation remains the gold…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Suryaansh Jain , Umair Z. Ahmed , Shubham Sahai , Ben Leong

We propose a new method to measure the task-specific accuracy of Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models (RAG). Evaluation is performed by scoring the RAG on an automatically-generated synthetic exam composed of multiple choice questions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Gauthier Guinet , Behrooz Omidvar-Tehrani , Anoop Deoras , Laurent Callot

Large Language Models~(LLMs) are prone to hallucinations, and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) helps mitigate this, but at a high computational cost while risking misinformation. Adaptive retrieval aims to retrieve only when necessary,…

As Large Language Models (LLMs) rise in popularity, it is necessary to assess their capability in critically relevant domains. We present a comprehensive evaluation framework, grounded in science communication research, to assess LLM…

Reliable evaluation of large language models is essential to ensure their applicability in practical scenarios. Traditional benchmark-based evaluation methods often rely on fixed reference answers, limiting their ability to capture…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Sujeong Lee , Hayoung Lee , Seongsoo Heo , Wonik Choi

As Large Language Models (LLMs) grow increasingly adept at managing complex tasks, the evaluation set must keep pace with these advancements to ensure it remains sufficiently discriminative. Item Discrimination (ID) theory, which is widely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Fan Lin , Shuyi Xie , Yong Dai , Wenlin Yao , Tianjiao Lang , Zishan Xu , Zhichao Hu , Xiao Xiao , Yuhong Liu , Yu Zhang

Tool learning aims to augment large language models (LLMs) with diverse tools, enabling them to act as agents for solving practical tasks. Due to the limited context length of tool-using LLMs, adopting information retrieval (IR) models to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zhengliang Shi , Yuhan Wang , Lingyong Yan , Pengjie Ren , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin , Zhaochun Ren

Standardized math assessments require expensive human pilot studies to establish the difficulty of test items. We investigate the predictive value of open-source large language models (LLMs) for evaluating the difficulty of multiple-choice…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Christabel Acquaye , Yi Ting Huang , Marine Carpuat , Rachel Rudinger

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong performance in math reasoning benchmarks, but their performance varies inconsistently across problems with varying levels of difficulty. This paper describes Adaptive Multi-Expert Reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Mohamed Ehab , Ali Hamdi

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) presents transformative opportunities for education, generating numerous novel application scenarios. However, significant challenges remain: evaluation metrics vary substantially across…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Shou'ang Wei , Xinyun Wang , Shuzhen Bi , Jian Chen , Ruijia Li , Bo Jiang , Xin Lin , Min Zhang , Yu Song , BingDong Li , Aimin Zhou , Hao Hao

The reward model (RM) that represents human preferences plays a crucial role in optimizing the outputs of large language models (LLMs), e.g., through reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) or rejection sampling. However, a long…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Yizhou Chen , Yawen Liu , Xuesi Wang , Qingtao Yu , Guangda Huzhang , Anxiang Zeng , Han Yu , Zhiming Zhou

Statistical models such as those derived from Item Response Theory (IRT) enable the assessment of students on a specific subject, which can be useful for several purposes (e.g., learning path customization, drop-out prediction). However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-07 Luca Benedetto , Andrea Cappelli , Roberto Turrin , Paolo Cremonesi

Human evaluators provide necessary contributions in evaluating large language models. In the context of Machine Translation (MT) systems for low-resource languages (LRLs), this is made even more apparent since popular automated metrics tend…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Carlos Rafael Catalan

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) with low-rank adaptation (LoRA) is a cost-effective way to incorporate information from a specific dataset. However, when a problem requires incorporating information from multiple datasets - as in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Liyi Zhang , Jake Snell , Thomas L. Griffiths

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have recently emerged as general architectures capable of reasoning over diverse modalities. Benchmarks for MLLMs should measure their ability for cross-modal integration. However, current benchmarks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Shunki Uebayashi , Kento Masui , Kyohei Atarashi , Han Bao , Hisashi Kashima , Naoto Inoue , Mayu Otani , Koh Takeuchi

Mathematical reasoning is a primary indicator of large language models (LLMs) intelligence. However, existing LLMs exhibit failures of robustness and generalization. This paper attributes these deficiencies to spurious reasoning, i.e.,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Zhejian Lai , Xiang Geng , Zhijun Wang , Yang Bai , Jiahuan Li , Rongxiang Weng , Jingang Wang , Xuezhi Cao , Xunliang Cai , Shujian Huang

Today, using Large-scale generative Language Models (LLMs) it is possible to simulate free responses to interview questions like those traditionally analyzed using qualitative research methods. Qualitative methodology encompasses a broad…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Aliya Amirova , Theodora Fteropoulli , Nafiso Ahmed , Martin R. Cowie , Joel Z. Leibo
‹ Prev 1 3 4 5 6 7 10 Next ›