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Multimodal Retrieval-Augmented Generation (MRAG) systems enhance LMMs by integrating external multimodal databases, but introduce unexplored privacy vulnerabilities. While text-based RAG privacy risks have been studied, multimodal data…

The growth of the Internet of Things has amplified the need for secure data interactions in cloud-edge ecosystems, where sensitive information is constantly processed across various system layers. Intrusion detection systems are commonly…

Diffusion models (DMs) have revolutionized data generation, particularly in text-to-image (T2I) synthesis. However, the widespread use of personalized generative models raises significant concerns regarding privacy violations and copyright…

Vertical federated learning (vFL) has gained much attention and been deployed to solve machine learning problems with data privacy concerns in recent years. However, some recent work demonstrated that vFL is vulnerable to privacy leakage…

Recent years have witnessed growing interest in adopting large language models (LLMs) for Register Transfer Level (RTL) code optimization. While powerful cloud-based LLMs offer superior optimization capabilities, they pose unacceptable…

In recent years, insider threats and attacks have been increasing in terms of frequency and cost to the corporate business. The utilization of end-to-end encrypted instant messaging applications (WhatsApp, Telegram, VPN) by malicious…

Cloud computing is emerging as a revolutionary computing paradigm which pro-vides a flexible and economic strategy for data management and resource sharing. Security and privacy become major concerns in the cloud scenario, for which…

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) rely on a variety of devices that frequently process privacy-sensitive data. Roadside units are important because they use AI-equipped cameras to detect traffic violations in Connected and Autonomous…

Embeddings are functions that map raw input data to low-dimensional vector representations, while preserving important semantic information about the inputs. Pre-training embeddings on a large amount of unlabeled data and fine-tuning them…

Augmenting Large Language Models (LLMs) with retrieved external knowledge has proven effective for improving the factual accuracy of generated responses. Despite their success, retrieval-augmented LLMs still face the distractibility issue,…

Although boosting software development performance, large language model (LLM)-powered code generation introduces intellectual property and data security risks rooted in the fact that a service provider (cloud) observes a client's prompts…

There are many approaches in mobile data ecosystem that inspect network traffic generated by applications running on user's device to detect personal data exfiltration from the user's device. State-of-the-art methods rely on features…

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) allows for computation directly on encrypted data and enables privacy-preserving neural inference in the cloud. Prior work has focused on models with dense inputs (e.g., CNNs), with less attention given to…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance across diverse tasks, but fine-tuning them typically relies on cloud-based, centralized infrastructures. This requires data owners to upload potentially sensitive data to…

The rise of large language models (LLMs) has significantly transformed both the construction and application of information retrieval (IR) systems. However, current interactions between IR systems and LLMs remain limited, with LLMs merely…

The drastic increase in language models' parameters has led to a new trend of deploying models in cloud servers, raising growing concerns about private inference for Transformer-based models. Existing two-party privacy-preserving…

CPU-based trusted execution environments (TEEs) and differential privacy (DP) have gained wide applications for private inference. Due to high inference latency in TEEs, researchers use partition-based approaches that offload linear model…

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by retrieving documents from an external corpus at inference time. When this corpus contains sensitive information, however, unprotected RAG systems are at risk of…

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems rely on accurate document retrieval to ground large language models (LLMs) in external knowledge, yet retrieval quality often degrades in corpora where topics overlap and thematic variation is…

Proprietary large language models (LLMs) exhibit strong generalization capabilities across diverse tasks and are increasingly deployed on edge devices for efficiency and privacy reasons. However, deploying proprietary LLMs at the edge…