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The areas under workload process and under queuing process in a single server queue over the busy period have many applications not only in queuing theory but also in risk theory or percolation theory. We focus here on the tail behaviour of…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-02-08 Rafal Kulik , Zbigniew Palmowski

This paper introduces a new classification scheme - head/tail breaks - in order to find groupings or hierarchy for data with a heavy-tailed distribution. The heavy-tailed distributions are heavily right skewed, with a minority of large…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2013-10-22 Bin Jiang

Understanding the shape of a distribution of data is of interest to people in a great variety of fields, as it may affect the types of algorithms used for that data. We study one such problem in the framework of distribution property…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Maryam Aliakbarpour , Amartya Shankha Biswas , Kavya Ravichandran , Ronitt Rubinfeld

Human activities can play a crucial role in the statistical properties of observables in many complex systems such as social, technological and economic systems. We demonstrate this by looking into the heavy-tailed distributions of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-08-24 Jie-Jun Tseng , Ming-Jer Lee , Sai-Ping Li

The masses of data now available have opened up the prospect of discovering weak signals using machine-learning algorithms, with a view to predictive or interpretation tasks. As this survey of recent results attempts to show, bringing…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-06 Stephan Clémençon , Anne Sabourin

We develop an efficient simulation algorithm for computing the tail probabilities of the infinite series $S = \sum_{n \geq 1} a_n X_n$ when random variables $X_n$ are heavy-tailed. As $S$ is the sum of infinitely many random variables, any…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-09-08 Henrik Hult , Sandeep Juneja , Karthyek Murthy

This paper addresses the problem of Generalized Category Discovery (GCD) under a long-tailed distribution, which involves discovering novel categories in an unlabelled dataset using knowledge from a set of labelled categories. Existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Bingchen Zhao , Kai Han

We propose a stochastic process driven by memory effect with novel distributions including both exponential and leptokurtic heavy-tailed distributions. A class of distribution is analytically derived from the continuum limit of the discrete…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2013-05-14 Jongwook Kim , Gabjin Oh

A novel statistical method is proposed and investigated for estimating a heavy tailed density under mild smoothness assumptions. Statistical analyses of heavy-tailed distributions are susceptible to the problem of sparse information in the…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-11-18 Surya T Tokdar , Sheng Jiang , Erika L Cunningham

In this paper, we consider the problem of linear regression with heavy-tailed distributions. Different from previous studies that use the squared loss to measure the performance, we choose the absolute loss, which is capable of estimating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-26 Lijun Zhang , Zhi-Hua Zhou

This paper considers learning deep features from long-tailed data. We observe that in the deep feature space, the head classes and the tail classes present different distribution patterns. The head classes have a relatively large spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Jialun Liu , Yifan Sun , Chuchu Han , Zhaopeng Dou , Wenhui Li

Multivariate rapid variation describes decay rates of joint light tails of a multivariate distribution. We impose a local uniformity condition to control decay variation of distribution tails along different directions, and using…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-04-30 Haijun Li

The concept of univariate Range Value-at-Risk, presented by Cont et al. (2010), is extended in the multidimensional setting. Traditional risk measures are not well suited when dealing with heavy-tail distributions and infinite tail…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2020-05-27 Roba Bairakdar , Lu Cao , Melina Mailhot

In this article we show the relationship between the Pareto distribution and the gamma distribution. This shows that the second one, appropriately extended, explains some anomalies that arise in the practical use of extreme value theory.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-11-02 Joan del castillo , Jalila Daoudi , Isabel Serra

We propose an analytical approach to the computation of tail probabilities of compound distributions whose individual components have heavy tails. Our approach is based on the contour integration method, and gives rise to a representation…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2017-10-04 Igor Halperin

We study the tail bound of the emperical covariance of multivariate normal distribution. Following the work of (Gittens & Tropp, 2011), we provide a tail bound with a small constant.

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-12-27 Shenghuo Zhu

We study large deviation properties of probability distributions with either a compact support or a fat tail by comparing them with q-deformed exponential distributions. Our main result is a large deviation property for probability…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-02 Jan Naudts , Hiroki Suyari

We propose and analyze a new estimator of the covariance matrix that admits strong theoretical guarantees under weak assumptions on the underlying distribution, such as existence of moments of only low order. While estimation of covariance…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-01-17 Stanislav Minsker , Xiaohan Wei

Heavy-tailed probability distributions are extremely useful and play a crucial role in modeling different types of financial data sets. This study presents a two-pronged methodology. First, a mixture probability distribution is created by…

Applications · Statistics 2025-10-14 Pankaj Kumar , Vivek Vijay

We study tail probabilities via some Gaussian approximations. Our results make refinements to large deviation theory. The proof builds on classical results by Bahadur and Rao. Binomial distributions and their tail probabilities are…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-05-07 Laszlo Gyorfi , Peter Harremoes , Gabor Tusnady