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Modern deep learning usually treats models as separate artifacts: trained independently, specialized for particular purposes, and replaced when improved versions appear. This thesis studies model merging as an alternative paradigm:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Donato Crisostomi

With the rapid growth of deep learning, there is an increasing availability of open-source models for various tasks. However, single fine-tuned models often fall short of meeting the diverse needs of users. Model merging has thus emerged as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Shenghe Zheng , Hongzhi Wang

The fine-tuning of pre-trained language models has resulted in the widespread availability of task-specific models. Model merging offers an efficient way to create multi-task models by combining these fine-tuned models at the parameter…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Sanwoo Lee , Jiahao Liu , Qifan Wang , Jingang Wang , Xunliang Cai , Yunfang Wu

Model merging has emerged as an efficient method to combine multiple single-task fine-tuned models. The merged model can enjoy multi-task capabilities without expensive training. While promising, merging into a single model often suffers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Akash Dhasade , Divyansh Jhunjhunwala , Milos Vujasinovic , Gauri Joshi , Anne-Marie Kermarrec

Multi-task model merging aims to consolidate knowledge from multiple fine-tuned task-specific experts into a unified model while minimizing performance degradation. Existing methods primarily approach this by minimizing differences between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Wenju Sun , Qingyong Li , Wen Wang , Yang Liu , Yangli-ao Geng , Boyang Li

In this paper, we introduce a novel approach for addressing the multi-objective optimization problem in large language model merging via black-box multi-objective optimization algorithms. The goal of model merging is to combine multiple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Bingdong Li , Zixiang Di , Yanting Yang , Hong Qian , Peng Yang , Hao Hao , Ke Tang , Aimin Zhou

Model merging aims to combine multiple expert models into a more capable single model, offering benefits such as reduced storage and serving costs, improved generalization, and support for decentralized model development. Despite its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Prateek Yadav , Tu Vu , Jonathan Lai , Alexandra Chronopoulou , Manaal Faruqui , Mohit Bansal , Tsendsuren Munkhdalai

The Frank-Wolfe (FW) method is a popular approach for solving optimization problems with structured constraints that arise in machine learning applications. In recent years, stochastic versions of FW have gained popularity, motivated by…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-09-17 Aleksandr Beznosikov , David Dobre , Gauthier Gidel

Deep model merging represents an emerging research direction that combines multiple fine-tuned models to harness their specialized capabilities across different tasks and domains. Current model merging techniques focus on merging all…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Anke Tang , Enneng Yang , Li Shen , Yong Luo , Han Hu , Bo Du , Dacheng Tao

Reasoning capabilities represent a critical frontier for large language models (LLMs), but developing them requires extensive proprietary datasets and computational resources. One way to efficiently supplement capabilities with is by model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Guinan Su , Jonas Geiping

The Frank-Wolfe method has become increasingly useful in statistical and machine learning applications, due to the structure-inducing properties of the iterates, and especially in settings where linear minimization over the feasible set is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Zikai Xiong , Robert M. Freund

Model merging constructs versatile models by integrating task-specific models without requiring labeled data or expensive joint retraining. Although recent methods improve adaptability to heterogeneous tasks by generating customized merged…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Haiyun Qiu , Xingyu Wu , Liang Feng , Kay Chen Tan

Model merging combines the parameters of multiple neural networks into a single model without additional training. As fine-tuned large language models (LLMs) proliferate, merging offers a computationally efficient alternative to ensembles…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Mingyang Song , Mao Zheng

In the era of large language models, model merging is a promising way to combine multiple task-specific models into a single multitask model without extra training. However, two challenges remain: (a) interference between different models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Zhenyi Lu , Chenghao Fan , Wei Wei , Xiaoye Qu , Dangyang Chen , Yu Cheng

Frank-Wolfe (FW) algorithms have been often proposed over the last few years as efficient solvers for a variety of optimization problems arising in the field of Machine Learning. The ability to work with cheap projection-free iterations and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-10-27 Emanuele Frandi , Ricardo Nanculef , Stefano Lodi , Claudio Sartori , Johan A. K. Suykens

Frank-Wolfe methods (FW) have gained significant interest in the machine learning community due to its ability to efficiently solve large problems that admit a sparse structure (e.g. sparse vectors and low-rank matrices). However the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-22 Edward Cheung , Yuying Li

Recently, there has been a renewed interest in the machine learning community for variants of a sparse greedy approximation procedure for concave optimization known as {the Frank-Wolfe (FW) method}. In particular, this procedure has been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-10-27 Hector Allende , Emanuele Frandi , Ricardo Nanculef , Claudio Sartori

The success of pretrain-finetune paradigm brings about the release of numerous model weights. In this case, merging models finetuned on different tasks to enable a single model with multi-task capabilities is gaining increasing attention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Chenyu Huang , Peng Ye , Tao Chen , Tong He , Xiangyu Yue , Wanli Ouyang

Model merging aims to combine multiple task-specific expert models into a single model without joint retraining, offering a practical alternative to multi-task learning when data access or computational budget is limited. Existing methods,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Kaiyang Li , Shaobo Han , Qing Su , Shihao Ji

Approximate unlearning has gained popularity as an approach to efficiently update an LLM so that it behaves (roughly) as if it was not trained on a subset of data to begin with. However, existing methods are brittle in practice and can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Kevin Kuo , Amrith Setlur , Kartik Srinivas , Aditi Raghunathan , Virginia Smith
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