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We formulate a light-front spectator model for the proton incorporating the gluonic degree of freedom. In this model, at high energy scattering of the proton, the active parton is a gluon and the rest is viewed as a spin-$\frac{1}{2}$…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-07-26 Dipankar Chakrabarti , Poonam Choudhary , Bheemsehan Gurjar , Raj Kishore , Tanmay Maji , Chandan Mondal , Asmita Mukherjee

We present a recent calculation of the gravitational form factors (GFFs) of proton using the light-front quark-diquark model constructed by the soft-wall AdS/QCD. The four GFFs $~A(Q^2)$ , $B(Q^2)$ , $C(Q^2)$ and $\bar{C}(Q^2)$ are…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-08-10 Dipankar Chakrabarti , Chandan Mondal , Asmita Mukherjee , Sreeraj Nair , Xingbo Zhao

We investigate the leading-twist gluonic distribution functions within the proton by formulating a light-front spectator model. The proton light-front wave functions (LFWFs) are adopted from the soft-wall AdS/QCD predictions, and the model…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-08-14 Poonam Choudhary , Dipankar Chakrabarti , Bheemsehan Gurjar , Tanmay Maji , Chandan Mondal , Asmita Mukherjee

We compute the gluonic contribution to the gravitational form factors of the proton using the improved holographic QCD model, in which the proton is described in terms of bulk Dirac fermions. Model parameters are constrained using lattice…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-02-26 Antti Hippeläinen , Niko Jokela , Matti Järvinen

Inspired by the recent near-threshold $J/\psi$ photoproduction measurements, we discuss gluon gravitational form factors (GFFs) and internal properties of the proton. This work presents a complete analysis of the proton gluon GFFs…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-06-02 Xiao-Yun Wang , Fancong Zeng , Quanjin Wang

We obtain the gravitational form factors (GFFs) and investigate their applications for the description of the mechanical properties, i.e., the distributions of pressures, shear forces inside proton, and the mechanical radius, in a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-12-29 Dipankar Chakrabarti , Chandan Mondal , Asmita Mukherjee , Sreeraj Nair , Xingbo Zhao

Gravitational form factors (GFFs) of hadrons encode essential information about the internal distributions of mass, spin, pressure, and shear among their quark and gluon constituents. We compute the quark and gluon GFFs of the proton using…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-06-10 Sreeraj Nair , Chandan Mondal , Siqi Xu , Xingbo Zhao , James P. Vary

Using a recently developed light-front spectator model that incorporates gluon, where the light-front wave functions are modeled from the soft-wall AdS/QCD prediction, we examine the leading twist gluon generalized parton distributions…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-02-27 Dipankar Chakrabarti , Poonam Choudhary , Bheemsehan Gurjar , Tanmay Maji , Chandan Mondal , Asmita Mukherjee

A future Electron-Ion Collider will enable the gluon contributions to the gravitational form factors of the proton to be constrained experimentally for the first time. Here, the first calculation of these form factors from lattice Quantum…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2019-01-30 P. E. Shanahan , W. Detmold

The proton is one of the main building blocks of all visible matter in the universe. Among its intrinsic properties are its electric charge, mass, and spin. These emerge from the complex dynamics of its fundamental constituents, quarks and…

We calculate the contribution to the gravitational form factors (GFFs) from the gluon part of the energy-momentum tensor in QCD. We take a simple spin $1/2$ composite state, namely a quark dressed with a gluon. We use the light-front…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-06-21 Jai More , Asmita Mukherjee , Sreeraj Nair , Sudeep Saha

The gravitational form factors (GFFs) are a fundamental and elegant way to describe the structure of nucleons and nuclei. Their Fourier transform allows a description of the spatial distribution of the mass, angular momentum, pressure, and…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2024-03-18 Zein-Eddine Meziani

We present a calculation of the twist-3 generalized parton distributions (GPDs) for gluons in the proton. Our analysis is performed within a light-front constituent model where the proton is treated as a two-body state of a spin-1 gluon and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-10-07 Parashmani Thakuria , Madhurjya Lalung , Jayanta Kumar Sarma

The gravitational form factors (GFFs) of hadrons encode the matrix elements of the energy momentum tensor of QCD. These quantities describe how energy, spin, and various mechanical properties of hadrons are carried by their quark and gluon…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2022-06-15 Dimitra A. Pefkou , Daniel C. Hackett , Phiala E. Shanahan

The gravitational form factors (GFFs) of a hadron encode fundamental aspects of its structure, including its shape and size as defined from e.g., its energy density. This work presents a determination of the flavor decomposition of the GFFs…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2024-06-25 Daniel C. Hackett , Dimitra A. Pefkou , Phiala E. Shanahan

Gravitational form factors (GFFs), defined through the matrix elements of the energy-momentum tensor, provide critical insights into the internal structure of nucleons and nuclei. In particular, their Fourier transforms -- evaluated in the…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2025-05-12 Zein-Eddine Meziani

We compute the gravitational form factors (GFFs) and study their applications for the description of the mechanical properties such as the pressure, shear force distributions, and the mechanical radius of the proton from its light-front…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-03-19 Sreeraj Nair , Chandan Mondal , Siqi Xu , Xingbo Zhao , Asmita Mukherjee , James P. Vary

We investigate the gravitational form factors (GFFs) and the longitudinal momentum densities ($p^+$ densities) for proton in a light-front quark-diquark model. The light-front wave functions are constructed from the soft-wall AdS/QCD…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-12-15 Narinder Kumar , Chandan Mondal , Neetika Sharma

We obtain the gluon parton distribution functions (PDFs) in the proton within the extended light-front holographic QCD framework, where the proton couples with the spin-two Pomeron in Anti-de Sitter space, together with constraints imposed…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-03-29 Bheemsehan Gurjar , Chandan Mondal , Dipankar Chakrabarti

We perform a perturbative QCD analysis of the gluonic gravitational form factors (GFFs) of the proton and pion at large momentum transfer. We derive the explicit factorization formula of the GFFs in terms of the distribution amplitudes of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-11-03 Xuan-Bo Tong , Jian-Ping Ma , Feng Yuan
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