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Existing evaluation frameworks for Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) primarily focus on image reasoning or general video understanding tasks, largely overlooking the significant role of image context in video comprehension. To bridge…

Spatio-temporal reasoning is a core capability for Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) operating in the real world. As such, evaluating it precisely has become an essential challenge. However, existing spatio-temporal reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Jinho Park , Youbin Kim , Hogun Park , Eunbyung Park

Recent advances in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in integrating vision and language for complex reasoning. While most existing benchmarks evaluate models under offline settings with a fixed set…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Jingli Lin , Chenming Zhu , Runsen Xu , Xiaohan Mao , Xihui Liu , Tai Wang , Jiangmiao Pang

Egocentric Video Question Answering (QA) requires models to handle long-horizon temporal reasoning, first-person perspectives, and specialized challenges like frequent camera movement. This paper systematically evaluates both proprietary…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Alkesh Patel , Vibhav Chitalia , Yinfei Yang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have recently achieved remarkable progress in vision-language understanding. Yet, human perception is inherently multisensory, integrating sight, sound, and motion to reason about the world. Among…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Bingwen Zhu , Yuqian Fu , Qiaole Dong , Guolei Sun , Tianwen Qian , Yuzheng Wu , Danda Pani Paudel , Xiangyang Xue , Yanwei Fu

Recent advancements in Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have opened new avenues for applications in Embodied AI. Building on previous work, EgoThink, we introduce VidEgoThink, a comprehensive benchmark for evaluating egocentric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Sijie Cheng , Kechen Fang , Yangyang Yu , Sicheng Zhou , Bohao Li , Ye Tian , Tingguang Li , Lei Han , Yang Liu

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are increasingly considered as a foundation for embodied agents, yet it remains unclear whether they can reliably reason about the long-term physical consequences of actions from an egocentric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Chengjun Yu , Xuhan Zhu , Chaoqun Du , Pengfei Yu , Wei Zhai , Yang Cao , Zheng-Jun Zha

Egocentric AI agents, such as smart glasses, rely on pointing gestures to resolve referential ambiguities in natural language commands. However, despite advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), current systems often fail to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Chentao Li , Zirui Gao , Mingze Gao , Yinglian Ren , Jianjiang Feng , Jie Zhou

Recent advancements in Chain of Thought (COT) generation have significantly improved the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), with reinforcement learning (RL) emerging as an effective post-training approach. Multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Yi Chen , Yuying Ge , Rui Wang , Yixiao Ge , Lu Qiu , Ying Shan , Xihui Liu

Video spatial reasoning, which involves inferring the underlying spatial structure from observed video frames, poses a significant challenge for existing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). This limitation stems primarily from 1) the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Kun Ouyang , Yuanxin Liu , Haoning Wu , Yi Liu , Hao Zhou , Jie Zhou , Fandong Meng , Xu Sun

Video reasoning models are a core component of egocentric and embodied agents. However, standard benchmarks for assessing models provide only evaluation of the output (e.g. the answer to a question), without evaluation of intermediate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Arsha Nagrani , Jasper Uijilings , Shyamal Buch , Tobias Weyand , Sudheendra Vijayanarasimhan , Bo Hu , Ramin Mehran , David A Ross , Cordelia Schmid

For human cognitive process, spatial reasoning and perception are closely entangled, yet the nature of this interplay remains underexplored in the evaluation of multimodal large language models (MLLMs). While recent MLLM advancements show…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Chengzu Li , Wenshan Wu , Huanyu Zhang , Qingtao Li , Zeyu Gao , Yan Xia , José Hernández-Orallo , Ivan Vulić , Furu Wei

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have made rapid progress in perception, understanding, and reasoning, yet existing benchmarks fall short in evaluating these abilities under continuous and dynamic real-world video streams. Such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Shuhang Xun , Sicheng Tao , Jungang Li , Yibo Shi , Zhixin Lin , Zhanhui Zhu , Yibo Yan , Hanqian Li , Linghao Zhang , Shikang Wang , Yixin Liu , Hanbo Zhang , Ying Ma , Xuming Hu

Humans constantly reason about 3D proximity, the relations between their body and surrounding objects, to guide perception and action in daily life. Whether multimodal large language models (MLLMs) can perform such embodied 3D reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Jinzhao Li , Yinuo Chen , Dongxu Piao , Panwang Pan , Yifan Yu , Dong Wang , Honglei Yan , Liang Yue , Shaofei Wang , Yixin Chen , Siyuan Huang , Miao Liu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have recently made rapid progress toward unified Omni models that integrate vision, language, and audio. However, existing environments largely focus on 2D or 3D visual context and vision-language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yurui Dong , Ziyue Wang , Shuyun Lu , Dairu Liu , Xuechen Liu , Fuwen Luo , Peng Li , Yang Liu

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown great potential in perception and interpretation tasks, but their capabilities in predictive reasoning remain under-explored. To address this gap, we introduce a novel benchmark that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Mingwei Zhu , Leigang Sha , Yu Shu , Kangjia Zhao , Tiancheng Zhao , Jianwei Yin

Recently spatial-temporal intelligence of Visual-Language Models (VLMs) has attracted much attention due to its importance for autonomous driving, embodied AI and general AI. Existing spatial-temporal benchmarks mainly focus on egocentric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Qinghongbing Xie , Zhaoyuan Xia , Feng Zhu , Lijun Gong , Ziyue Li , Rui Zhao , Long Zeng

Existing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) struggle with 3D spatial reasoning, as they fail to construct structured abstractions of the 3D environment depicted in video inputs. To bridge this gap, drawing inspiration from cognitive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jiacheng Hua , Yishu Yin , Yuhang Wu , Tai Wang , Yifei Huang , Miao Liu

Recent studies have shown that long chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning can significantly enhance the performance of large language models (LLMs) on complex tasks. However, this benefit is yet to be demonstrated in the domain of video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Yuanxin Liu , Kun Ouyang , Haoning Wu , Yi Liu , Lin Sui , Xinhao Li , Yan Zhong , Y. Charles , Xinyu Zhou , Xu Sun

Despite significant recent progress of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), current MLLMs are challenged by "spatio-temporal" prompts, i.e., prompts that refer to 1) the entirety of an environment encoded in a point cloud that the MLLM…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Haozhen Zheng , Beitong Tian , Mingyuan Wu , Zhenggang Tang , Klara Nahrstedt , Alex Schwing