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Despite recent progress in Language Models (LMs) for software engineering, collecting training data remains a significant pain point. Existing datasets are small, with at most 1,000s of training instances from 11 or fewer GitHub…

Red-teaming Vision-Language Models is essential for identifying vulnerabilities where adversarial image-text inputs trigger toxic outputs. Existing approaches treat image generation as a black box, returning only terminal toxicity scores…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Xutao Mao , Liangjie Zhao , Tao Liu , Xiang Zheng , Hongying Zan , Cong Wang

Web agents, which couple language models with browsing and tool-use capabilities, show promise as open web assistants. Yet progress is increasingly limited by the lack of scalable, process-level supervision. Existing benchmarks are largely…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Tenghao Huang , Kung-Hsiang Huang , Prafulla Kumar Choubey , Yilun Zhou , Muhao Chen , Jonathan May , Chien-Sheng Wu

GUI agents drive applications through their visual interfaces instead of programmatic APIs, interacting with arbitrary software via taps, swipes, and keystrokes, reaching a long tail of applications that CLI-based agents cannot. Yet…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Fei Tang , Zhiqiong Lu , Boxuan Zhang , Weiming Lu , Jun Xiao , Yueting Zhuang , Yongliang Shen

Language Model (LM) agents have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in solving tasks that require multiple interactions with the environment. However, they remain vulnerable in environments where a single error often leads to irrecoverable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Jongwon Jeong , Jungtaek Kim , Kangwook Lee

GraphFlow is a visual workflow system designed to improve the reliability of agentic AI automation in multi-step, mission-critical processes. In these workflows, small errors compound rapidly: under an idealized model of independent steps,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Drewry H. Morris , Luis Valles , Reza Hosseini Ghomi

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) and agent system designs have empowered agents with unprecedented levels of capability. However, existing agent benchmarks are showing a trend of rapid ceiling-hitting by newly developed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Dadi Guo , Tianyi Zhou , Dongrui Liu , Chen Qian , Qihan Ren , Shuai Shao , Zhiyuan Fan , Yi R. Fung , Kun Wang , Linfeng Zhang , Jing Shao

Audio-Visual Segmentation (AVS) aims to achieve pixel-level localization of sound sources in videos, while Audio-Visual Semantic Segmentation (AVSS), as an extension of AVS, further pursues semantic understanding of audio-visual scenes.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Juncheng Ma , Peiwen Sun , Yaoting Wang , Di Hu

Improving open-source models on real-world SWE tasks (solving GITHUB issues) faces two key challenges: 1) scalable curation of execution environments to train these models, and, 2) optimal scaling of test-time compute. We introduce…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Naman Jain , Jaskirat Singh , Manish Shetty , Liang Zheng , Koushik Sen , Ion Stoica

We present the Living Novel, an end-to-end system that transforms any literary work into an immersive, multi-character conversational experience. This system is designed to solve two fundamental challenges for LLM-driven characters.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yifei Huang , Tianyu Yan , Sitong Gong , Xiwei Gao , Caixin Kang , Ruicong Liu , Huchuan Lu , Bo Zheng

In this work, we present a lightweight pipeline for robust behavioral cloning of a human driver using end-to-end imitation learning. The proposed pipeline was employed to train and deploy three distinct driving behavior models onto a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Tanmay Vilas Samak , Chinmay Vilas Samak , Sivanathan Kandhasamy

Extending the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) with functions or tools for environment interaction has led to the emergence of the agent paradigm. In industry, training an LLM is not always feasible because of the scarcity of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Saptarshi Sengupta , Harsh Vashistha , Kristal Curtis , Akshay Mallipeddi , Abhinav Mathur , Joseph Ross , Liang Gou

Multimodal agents, which integrate a controller e.g., a vision language model) with external tools, have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in tackling complex multimodal tasks. Existing approaches for training these agents, both…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Pengxiang Li , Zhi Gao , Bofei Zhang , Yapeng Mi , Xiaojian Ma , Chenrui Shi , Tao Yuan , Yuwei Wu , Yunde Jia , Song-Chun Zhu , Qing Li

Benchmarks for Software Engineering (SE) AI agents, most notably SWE-bench, have catalyzed progress in programming capabilities of AI agents. However, they overlook critical developer workflows such as Version Control System (VCS)…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Tobias Lindenbauer , Egor Bogomolov , Yaroslav Zharov

LLM-based agents execute real-world workflows via tools and memory. These affordances enable ill-intended adversaries to also use these agents to carry out complex misuse scenarios. Existing agent misuse benchmarks largely test…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Nivya Talokar , Ayush K Tarun , Murari Mandal , Maksym Andriushchenko , Antoine Bosselut

Computer Use Agents (CUAs) can act through both atomic GUI actions, such as click and type, and high-level tool calls, such as API-based file operations, but this hybrid action space often leaves them uncertain about when to continue with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Xuhao Hu , Xi Zhang , Haiyang Xu , Kyle Qiao , Jingyi Yang , Xuanjing Huang , Jing Shao , Ming Yan , Jieping Ye

With the power of large language models (LLMs), open-ended embodied agents can flexibly understand human instructions, generate interpretable guidance strategies, and output executable actions. Nowadays, Multi-modal Language Models~(MLMs)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Zhonghan Zhao , Ke Ma , Wenhao Chai , Xuan Wang , Kewei Chen , Dongxu Guo , Yanting Zhang , Hongwei Wang , Gaoang Wang

We present a framework for training trustworthy large language model (LLM) agents for optimization modeling via a verifiable synthetic data generation pipeline. Focusing on linear and mixed-integer linear programming, our approach begins…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Vinicius Lima , Dzung T. Phan , Jayant Kalagnanam , Dhaval Patel , Nianjun Zhou

Large language models are increasingly deployed as complex agentic systems that scale with task complexity. While prior work has extensively explored model- and system-level scaling, algorithm- and task-level scaling remain largely…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zizhang Luo , Yuhao Luo , Youwei Xiao , Yansong Xu , Runlin Guo , Yun Liang

Formal verification of multi-agent systems is hard, both theoretically and in practice. In particular, studies that use a single verification technique typically show limited efficiency, and allow to verify only toy examples. Here, we…