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Translating C to Rust is a promising way to enhance the reliability of legacy system programs. Although the industry has developed an automatic C-to-Rust translator, C2Rust, its translation remains unsatisfactory. One major reason is that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Jaemin Hong , Sukyoung Ryu

Rust is a programming language that combines memory safety and low-level control, providing C-like performance while guaranteeing the absence of undefined behaviors by default. Rust's growing popularity has prompted research on safe and…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Aidan Z. H. Yang , Yoshiki Takashima , Brandon Paulsen , Josiah Dodds , Daniel Kroening

Translating legacy C codebases to Rust is increasingly demanded for building safety-critical systems. While various approaches have emerged for this task, they face inherent trade-offs: rule-based methods often struggle to satisfy code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Chaofan Wang , Tingrui Yu , Beijun Shen , Jie Wang , Dong Chen , Wenrui Zhang , Yuling Shi , Chen Xie , Xiaodong Gu

The Rust programming language, with its safety guarantees, has established itself as a viable choice for low-level systems programming language over the traditional, unsafe alternatives like C/C++. These guarantees come from a strong…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Pantazis Deligiannis , Akash Lal , Nikita Mehrotra , Aseem Rastogi

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being used for the task of automated code translation, which has important real-world applications. However, most existing approaches use only the source code of a program as an input to an LLM,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Vikram Nitin , Rahul Krishna , Baishakhi Ray

Automating C-to-Rust migration is critical for improving software security without sacrificing performance. Traditional rule-based methods struggle with diverse C idioms, often producing rigid and unidiomatic Rust code. Large Language…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Jia Feng , Wenjie Gan , Cuiyun Gao , Chaozheng Wang , Feng Luo , Xin Xia , Ge Li , Kui Liu

C-to-Rust transpilation is essential for modernizing legacy C code while enhancing safety and interoperability with modern Rust ecosystems. However, no dataset currently exists for evaluating whether a system can transpile C into safe Rust…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Anirudh Khatry , Robert Zhang , Jia Pan , Ziteng Wang , Qiaochu Chen , Greg Durrett , Isil Dillig

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise for program translation, particularly for migrating systems code to memory-safe languages such as Rust. However, existing approaches struggle when source programs depend on external libraries:…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Hanliang Zhang , Arindam Sharma , Cristina David , Meng Wang , Brandon Paulsen , Daniel Kroening , Wenjia Ye , Taro Sekiyama

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive capability to understand and develop code. However, their capability to rigorously reason about and prove code correctness remains in question. This paper offers a comprehensive study of…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Chenyuan Yang , Natalie Neamtu , Chris Hawblitzel , Jacob R. Lorch , Shan Lu

Rust is gaining popularity for its well-known memory safety guarantees and high performance, distinguishing it from C/C++ and JVM-based languages. Its compiler, rustc, enforces these guarantees through specialized mechanisms such as trait…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Zixi Liu , Yang Feng , Yunbo Ni , Shaohua Li , Xizhe Yin , Qingkai Shi , Baowen Xu , Zhendong Su

The popularity of the Rust language continues to explode; yet, many critical codebases remain authored in C. Automatically translating C to Rust is thus an appealing course of action. Several works have gone down this path, handling an…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Aymeric Fromherz , Jonathan Protzenko

As Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly assist secure software development, their ability to meet the rigorous demands of Rust program verification remains unclear. Existing evaluations treat Rust verification as a black box, assessing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Zichen Xie , Wenxi Wang

Automated translation of legacy C code into Rust aims to ensure memory safety while reducing the burden of manual migration. Early approaches in code translation rely on static rule-based methods, but they suffer from limited coverage due…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Feng Luo , Kexing Ji , Cuiyun Gao , Shuzheng Gao , Jia Feng , Kui Liu , Xin Xia , Michael R. Lyu

Dubbed a safer C, Rust is a modern programming language that combines memory safety and low-level control. This interesting combination has made Rust very popular among developers and there is a growing trend of migrating legacy codebases…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Hanliang Zhang , Cristina David , Yijun Yu , Meng Wang

Formal verification can provably guarantee the correctness of critical system software, but the high proof burden has long hindered its wide adoption. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown success in code analysis and synthesis.…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Jianan Yao , Ziqiao Zhou , Weiteng Chen , Weidong Cui

Concurrent programs suffer from data races. To prevent data races, programmers use locks. However, programs can eliminate data races only when they acquire and release correct locks at correct timing. The lock API of C, in which people have…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Jaemin Hong , Sukyoung Ryu

Unit testing is essential for ensuring software reliability and correctness. Classic Search-Based Software Testing (SBST) methods and concolic execution-based approaches for generating unit tests often fail to achieve high coverage due to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Bei Chu , Yang Feng , Kui Liu , Hange Shi , Zifan Nan , Zhaoqiang Guo , Baowen Xu

Automatic C-to-Rust translation is a promising way to enhance the reliability of legacy system software. However, C2Rust, an industrially developed translator, generates Rust code with unsafe features, undermining the translation's…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Jaemin Hong , Sukyoung Ryu

Eliminating undefined behaviors (UBs) in Rust programs requires a deep semantic understanding to enable accurate and reliable repair. While existing studies have demonstrated the potential of LLMs to support Rust code analysis and repair,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Renshuang Jiang , Yichong Wang , Pan Dong , Xiaoxiang Fang , Zhenling Duan , Tinglue Wang , Yuchen Hu , Jie Yu , Zhe Jiang

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable performance across diverse tasks, yet their effectiveness frequently depends on costly commercial APIs or cloud services. Model selection thus entails a critical trade-off between…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Yuanzhe Shen , Yide Liu , Zisu Huang , Ruicheng Yin , Xiaoqing Zheng , Xuanjing Huang