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Referring Expression Comprehension (REC) aims to identify a particular object in a scene by a natural language expression, and is an important topic in visual language understanding. State-of-the-art methods for this task are based on deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Luca Parolari , Elena Izzo , Lamberto Ballan

Referring Expression Counting (REC) extends class-level object counting to the fine-grained subclass-level, aiming to enumerate objects matching a textual expression that specifies both the class and distinguishing attribute. A fundamental…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Yuda Zou , Zijian Zhang , Yongchao Xu

Object counting has progressed from class-specific models, which count only known categories, to class-agnostic models that generalize to unseen categories. The next challenge is Referring Expression Counting (REC), where the goal is to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Kostas Triaridis , Panagiotis Kaliosis , E-Ro Nguyen , Jingyi Xu , Hieu Le , Dimitris Samaras

Referring Expression Comprehension (REC) aims to localize the target objects specified by free-form natural language descriptions in images. While state-of-the-art methods achieve impressive performance, they perform a dense perception of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Wei Su , Peihan Miao , Huanzhang Dou , Xi Li

The newly proposed Generalized Referring Expression Segmentation (GRES) amplifies the formulation of classic RES by involving complex multiple/non-target scenarios. Recent approaches address GRES by directly extending the well-adopted RES…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Zhuoyan Luo , Yinghao Wu , Tianheng Cheng , Yong Liu , Yicheng Xiao , Hongfa Wang , Xiao-Ping Zhang , Yujiu Yang

We propose an approach to referring expression generation (REG) in visually grounded dialogue that is meant to produce referring expressions (REs) that are both discriminative and discourse-appropriate. Our method constitutes a two-stage…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Bram Willemsen , Gabriel Skantze

Referring expression comprehension (REC) aims at achieving object localization based on natural language descriptions. However, existing REC approaches are constrained by object category descriptions and single-attribute intention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Hao Guo , Jianfei Zhu , Wei Fan , Chunzhi Yi , Feng Jiang

Referring Expression Comprehension (REC) is an emerging research spot in computer vision, which refers to detecting the target region in an image given an text description. Most existing REC methods follow a multi-stage pipeline, which are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-10 Yiyi Zhou , Rongrong Ji , Gen Luo , Xiaoshuai Sun , Jinsong Su , Xinghao Ding , Chia-wen Lin , Qi Tian

Referring Expression Generation (REG) aims to generate unambiguous Referring Expressions (REs) for objects in a visual scene, with a dual task of Referring Expression Comprehension (REC) to locate the referred object. Existing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Fulong Ye , Yuxing Long , Fangxiang Feng , Xiaojie Wang

Dense captioning aims at simultaneously localizing semantic regions and describing these regions-of-interest (ROIs) with short phrases or sentences in natural language. Previous studies have shown remarkable progresses, but they are often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-03 Guojun Yin , Lu Sheng , Bin Liu , Nenghai Yu , Xiaogang Wang , Jing Shao

Dense captioning is a newly emerging computer vision topic for understanding images with dense language descriptions. The goal is to densely detect visual concepts (e.g., objects, object parts, and interactions between them) from images,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-09 Linjie Yang , Kevin Tang , Jianchao Yang , Li-Jia Li

AI-driven geometric problem solving is a complex vision-language task that requires accurate diagram interpretation, mathematical reasoning, and robust cross-modal grounding. A foundational yet underexplored capability for this task is the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Bing Liu , Wenqiang Yv , Xuzheng Yang , Shichang Wang , Junzhuo Liu , Peng Wang , Guoqing Wang , Yang Yang , Heng Tao Shen

Crowd understanding has aroused the widespread interest in vision domain due to its important practical significance. Unfortunately, there is no effort to explore crowd understanding in multi-modal domain that bridges natural language and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-17 Heqian Qiu , Hongliang Li , Taijin Zhao , Lanxiao Wang , Qingbo Wu , Fanman Meng

Referring expression grounding aims at locating certain objects or persons in an image with a referring expression, where the key challenge is to comprehend and align various types of information from visual and textual domain, such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-03 Xihui Liu , Zihao Wang , Jing Shao , Xiaogang Wang , Hongsheng Li

Scene context is well known to facilitate humans' perception of visible objects. In this paper, we investigate the role of context in Referring Expression Generation (REG) for objects in images, where existing research has often focused on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Simeon Junker , Sina Zarrieß

Referring Expression Comprehension (REC) links language to region level visual perception. Standard benchmarks (RefCOCO, RefCOCO+, RefCOCOg) have progressed rapidly with multimodal LLMs but remain weak tests of visual reasoning and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Qihua Dong , Kuo Yang , Lin Ju , Handong Zhao , Yitian Zhang , Yizhou Wang , Huimin Zeng , Jianglin Lu , Yun Fu

Referring Expression Segmentation (RES) is a widely explored multi-modal task, which endeavors to segment the pre-existing object within a single image with a given linguistic expression. However, in broader real-world scenarios, it is not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Yixuan Wu , Zhao Zhang , Xie Chi , Feng Zhu , Rui Zhao

Attention-based encoder-decoder framework is widely used in the scene text recognition task. However, for the current state-of-the-art(SOTA) methods, there is room for improvement in terms of the efficient usage of local visual and global…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Mengmeng Cui , Wei Wang , Jinjin Zhang , Liang Wang

Referring Expressions Generation (REG) aims to produce textual descriptions that unambiguously identifies specific objects within a visual scene. Traditionally, this has been achieved through supervised learning methods, which perform well…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Lior Bracha , Eitan Shaar , Aviv Shamsian , Ethan Fetaya , Gal Chechik

Referring image segmentation is a challenging task that involves generating pixel-wise segmentation masks based on natural language descriptions. The complexity of this task increases with the intricacy of the sentences provided. Existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Hai Nguyen-Truong , E-Ro Nguyen , Tuan-Anh Vu , Minh-Triet Tran , Binh-Son Hua , Sai-Kit Yeung