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Differential privacy (DP) enables safe data release, with synthetic data generation emerging as a common approach in recent years. Yet standard synthesizers preserve all dependencies in the data, including spurious correlations between…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Naeim Ghahramanpour , Mostafa Milani

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive performance on general-purpose tasks, yet adapting them to specific domains remains challenging due to the scarcity of high-quality domain data. Existing data synthesis tools often struggle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Ziyang Miao , Qiyu Sun , Jingyuan Wang , Yuchen Gong , Yaowei Zheng , Shiqi Li , Richong Zhang

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) has become an essential strategy for adapting them to specialized tasks; however, this process introduces significant privacy challenges, as sensitive training data may be inadvertently memorized and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Hao Du , Shang Liu , Yang Cao

Clustering is an important tool for data exploration where the goal is to subdivide a data set into disjoint clusters that fit well into the underlying data structure. When dealing with sensitive data, privacy-preserving algorithms aim to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Johannes Liebenow , Yara Schütt , Tanya Braun , Marcel Gehrke , Florian Thaeter , Esfandiar Mohammadi

The widespread use of big data across sectors has raised major privacy concerns, especially when sensitive information is shared or analyzed. Regulations such as GDPR and HIPAA impose strict controls on data handling, making it difficult to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Anantaa Kotal , Anupam Joshi

As sufficient data are not always publically accessible for model training, researchers exploit limited data with advanced learning algorithms or expand the dataset via data augmentation (DA). Conducting DA in private domain requires…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Yiping Song , Juhua Zhang , Zhiliang Tian , Yuxin Yang , Minlie Huang , Dongsheng Li

Discrete Controller Synthesis (DCS) is a powerful formal method for automatically generating specifications of discrete event systems. However, its practical adoption is often hindered by the highly specialized nature of formal models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yusei Ishimizu , Takuto Yamauchi , Sinan Chen , Jinyu Cai , Jialong Li , Kenji Tei

Positioned between pre-training and user deployment, aligning large language models (LLMs) through reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a prevailing strategy for training instruction following-models such as ChatGPT. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Fan Wu , Huseyin A. Inan , Arturs Backurs , Varun Chandrasekaran , Janardhan Kulkarni , Robert Sim

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive promise in code generation, yet their progress remains limited by the shortage of large-scale datasets that are both diverse and well-aligned with human reasoning. Most existing resources…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Amal Abed , Ivan Lukic , Jörg K. H. Franke , Frank Hutter

The success of large language models (LLMs) depends heavily on large-scale, high-quality instruction-following and reinforcement datasets. However, generating such data through human annotation is prohibitively time-consuming particularly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Chenhua Shi , Gregor Macdonald , Bhavika Jalli , Wanlu Lei , John Zou , Mridul Jain , Joji Philip

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant improvements in reasoning capabilities through supervised fine-tuning and reinforcement learning. However, when training reasoning models, these approaches are primarily applicable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Yoichi Ishibashi , Taro Yano , Masafumi Oyamada

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized numerous fields, yet their adaptation to specialized tasks in privacy-sensitive domains such as healthcare and finance remains constrained due to the scarcity of accessible training data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jinglong Luo , Zhuo Zhang , Yehong Zhang , Shiyu Liu , Ye Dong , Hui Wang , Yue Yu , Xun Zhou , Zenglin Xu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable multilingual capabilities, making them promising tools in both high- and low-resource languages. One particularly valuable use case is generating synthetic samples that can be used…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Branislav Pecher , Jan Cegin , Robert Belanec , Ivan Srba , Jakub Simko , Maria Bielikova

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have become powerful tools for assessing the impact of interventions and policies in many contexts. They are considered the gold standard for causal inference in the biomedical fields and many social…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are gaining increasing attention due to their exceptional performance across numerous tasks. As a result, the general public utilize them as an influential tool for boosting their productivity while natural…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Zhigang Kan , Linbo Qiao , Hao Yu , Liwen Peng , Yifu Gao , Dongsheng Li

In recent years, the growth of data across various sectors, including healthcare, security, finance, and education, has created significant opportunities for analysis and informed decision-making. However, these datasets often contain…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-30 Utsab Saha , Tanvir Muntakim Tonoy , Hafiz Imtiaz

Generating high fidelity, differentially private (DP) synthetic images offers a promising route to share and analyze sensitive visual data without compromising individual privacy. However, existing DP image synthesis methods struggle to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Haoxiang Wang , Zinan Lin , Da Yu , Huishuai Zhang

As privacy issues are receiving increasing attention within the Natural Language Processing (NLP) community, numerous methods have been proposed to sanitize texts subject to differential privacy. However, the state-of-the-art text…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Huimin Chen , Fengran Mo , Yanhao Wang , Cen Chen , Jian-Yun Nie , Chengyu Wang , Jamie Cui

Training data plays a crucial role in Large Language Models (LLM) scaling, yet high quality data is of limited supply. Synthetic data techniques offer a potential path toward sidestepping these limitations. We conduct a large-scale…

Privacy-preserving synthetic data offers a promising solution to harness segregated data in high-stakes domains where information is compartmentalized for regulatory, privacy, or institutional reasons. This survey provides a comprehensive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Viktor Schlegel , Anil A Bharath , Zilong Zhao , Kevin Yee