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A variety of complicated computational scenarios have made unprecedented demands on the computing power and energy efficiency of electronic computing systems, including solving intractable nondeterministic polynomial-time (NP)-complete…

Metagratings have been shown to form an agile and efficient platform for extreme wavefront manipulation, going beyond the limitations of gradient metasurfaces. Previous approaches for transmissive metagratings have resorted on compound…

Snapshot full-Stokes polarimetry across multiple wavelengths remains challenging because conventional architectures rely on multiplexed measurements and bulky optics. We present an end-to-end framework that reconstructs RGB full-Stokes…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-07 Xingyu Chai , Jirong Bao , Haining Yang , Mengdi Sun

Photonic circuits are central to classical and quantum information processing. While integrated technologies dominate, free-space architectures are emerging as attractive alternatives, offering broad bandwidth and direct manipulation of…

Deep neural networks have achieved remarkable breakthroughs by leveraging multiple layers of data processing to extract hidden representations, albeit at the cost of large electronic computing power. To enhance energy efficiency and speed,…

Edge devices equipped with computer vision must deal with vast amounts of sensory data with limited computing resources. Hence, researchers have been exploring different energy-efficient solutions such as near-sensor processing, in-sensor…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-24 Md Abdullah-Al Kaiser , Gourav Datta , Zixu Wang , Ajey P. Jacob , Peter A. Beerel , Akhilesh R. Jaiswal

In recent years, with the rapid development of electro-optic modulators, optical computing has become a potential excellent candidate for various computing tasks. New structures and devices for optical computing are emerging one after…

Optics · Physics 2023-09-20 Yufeng Zhang , Hao Yan , Kaizhi Wang

Neuromorphic photonics has recently emerged as a promising hardware accelerator, with significant potential speed and energy advantages over digital electronics, for machine learning algorithms such as neural networks of various types.…

Optics · Physics 2021-01-27 Changming Wu , Heshan Yu , Seokhyeong Lee , Ruoming Peng , Ichiro Takeuchi , Mo Li

Optical computing accelerators may help alleviate bandwidth and power consumption bottlenecks in electronics. We show an approach to implementing logarithmic-type analog co-processors in silicon photonics and use it to perform the…

Optics · Physics 2016-04-20 Yunshan Jiang , Peter T. S. DeVore , Bahram Jalali

Application-specific optical processors have been considered disruptive technologies for modern computing that can fundamentally accelerate the development of artificial intelligence (AI) by offering substantially improved computing…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-26 Tiankuang Zhou , Xing Lin , Jiamin Wu , Yitong Chen , Hao Xie , Yipeng Li , Jintao Fan , Huaqiang Wu , Lu Fang , Qionghai Dai

The parallelism of optics and the miniaturization of optical components using nanophotonic structures, such as metasurfaces present a compelling alternative to electronic implementations of convolutional neural networks. The lack of a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-22 Shane Colburn , Yi Chu , Eli Shlizerman , Arka Majumdar

Collocated data processing and storage are the norm in biological systems. Indeed, the von Neumann computing architecture, that physically and temporally separates processing and memory, was born more of pragmatism based on available…

Analog neuromorphic photonic processors are uniquely positioned to harness the ultrafast bandwidth and inherent parallelism of light, enabling scalability, on-chip integration and significant improvement in computational performance.…

Processing in memory (PIM) has received significant attention due to its high efficiency, low latency, and parallelism. In optical computation, coherent memory is a crucial infrastructure for PIM frameworks. This study presents an…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-06-18 Ying-Hao Ye , Jia-Qi Jiang , En-Ze Li , Wei Zhang , Da-Chuang Li , Zhi-Han Zhu , Dong-Sheng Ding , Bao-Sen Shi

The escalating energy demands and parallel-processing bottlenecks of electronic neural networks underscore the need for alternative computing paradigms. Optical neural networks, capitalizing on the inherent parallelism and speed of light…

Plasmonic color generation utilizing ultra-thin metasurfaces as well as metallic nanoparticles hold a great promise for a wide range of applications, including color displays, data storage, and information encryption due to its high spatial…

High-speed signal processing is essential for maximizing data throughput in emerging communication applications, like multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems and radio-frequency (RF) interference cancellation. However, as these…

Metasurfaces enable manipulation of light propagation at an unprecedented level, benefitting from a number of merits unavailable to conventional optical elements, such as ultracompactness, precise phase and polarization control at deep…

Optics · Physics 2021-05-05 Jianxiong Li , Simon Kamin , Guoxing Zheng , Frank Neubrech , Shuang Zhang , Na Liu

Manipulating the polarization of light is highly desired for versatile applications ranging from super resolution, optical trapping, to particle acceleration. The enormous freedom in metasurface design motivates the implementation of…

Efficient machine learning inference is essential for the rapid adoption of artificial intelligence across various domains.On-chip optical computing has emerged as a transformative solution for accelerating machine learning tasks, owing to…