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Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable abilities in representation learning for program synthesis and understanding tasks. The quality of the learned representations appears to be dictated by the neural scaling laws as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Erik Nijkamp , Hiroaki Hayashi , Caiming Xiong , Silvio Savarese , Yingbo Zhou

People judge interactions with large language models (LLMs) as successful when outputs match what they want, not what they type. Yet LLMs are trained to predict the next token solely from text input, not underlying intent. Because written…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Nadav Kunievsky , James A. Evans

Recent advances have greatly increased the capabilities of large language models (LLMs), but our understanding of the models and their safety has not progressed as fast. In this paper we aim to understand LLMs deeper by studying their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Justin Lee , Tuomas Oikarinen , Arjun Chatha , Keng-Chi Chang , Yilan Chen , Tsui-Wei Weng

Despite recent success in large language model (LLM) reasoning, LLMs struggle with hierarchical multi-step reasoning tasks like generating complex programs. For these tasks, humans often start with a high-level algorithmic design and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Eric Zelikman , Qian Huang , Gabriel Poesia , Noah D. Goodman , Nick Haber

This thesis tackles the problem of learning efficient representations of complex, structured data with a natural application to web page and element classification. We hypothesise that the context around the element inside the web page is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Cedric Cook

Background: Feedback as one of the most influential factors for learning has been subject to a great body of research. It plays a key role in the development of educational technology systems and is traditionally rooted in deterministic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Dominic Lohr , Hieke Keuning , Natalie Kiesler

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in the realm of natural language understanding and programming code processing tasks. Their capacity to comprehend and generate human-like code has spurred research into…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Chongzhou Fang , Ning Miao , Shaurya Srivastav , Jialin Liu , Ruoyu Zhang , Ruijie Fang , Asmita , Ryan Tsang , Najmeh Nazari , Han Wang , Houman Homayoun

In recent years, the use of deep learning in language models gained much attention. Some research projects claim that they can generate text that can be interpreted as human-writing, enabling new possibilities in many application areas.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-13 Juan Cruz-Benito , Sanjay Vishwakarma , Francisco Martin-Fernandez , Ismael Faro

Novice programmers are increasingly relying on Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate code for learning programming concepts. However, this interaction can lead to superficial engagement, giving learners an illusion of learning and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Majeed Kazemitabaar , Oliver Huang , Sangho Suh , Austin Z. Henley , Tovi Grossman

Code generation is to automatically generate source code conforming to a given programming specification, which has received extensive attention especially with the development of large language models (LLMs). Due to the inherent difficulty…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Zhao Tian , Junjie Chen , Xiangyu Zhang

In code comprehension experiments, participants are usually told at the beginning what kind of code comprehension task to expect. Describing experiment scenarios and experimental tasks will influence participants in ways that are sometimes…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Marvin Wyrich , Lasse Merz , Daniel Graziotin

This paper investigates the automation of qualitative data analysis, focusing on inductive coding using large language models (LLMs). Unlike traditional approaches that rely on deductive methods with predefined labels, this research…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Angelina Parfenova , Andreas Marfurt , Alexander Denzler , Juergen Pfeffer

Understanding how large language models (LLMs) acquire, retain, and apply knowledge remains an open challenge. This paper introduces a novel framework, K-(CSA)^2, which categorizes LLM knowledge along two dimensions: correctness and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Yanbo Fang , Ruixiang Tang

Code cloning, the duplication of code fragments, is common in software development. While some reuse aids productivity, excessive cloning hurts maintainability and introduces bugs. Hence, automatic code clone detection is vital. Meanwhile,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Shihan Dou , Junjie Shan , Haoxiang Jia , Wenhao Deng , Zhiheng Xi , Wei He , Yueming Wu , Tao Gui , Yang Liu , Xuanjing Huang

Code reasoning tasks are increasingly crucial to evaluating large language models (LLMs). Yet most existing benchmarks rely on simplistic, LLM-generated snippets or human-written solutions to code challenges and often restrict inputs and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Changshu Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) changed the way we design and interact with software systems. Their ability to process and extract information from text has drastically improved productivity in a number of routine tasks. Developers that want…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Federico Errica , Giuseppe Siracusano , Davide Sanvito , Roberto Bifulco

Segmenting text into fine-grained units of meaning is important to a wide range of NLP applications. The default approach of segmenting text into sentences is often insufficient, especially since sentences are usually complex enough to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Mohammad Javad Hosseini , Yang Gao , Tim Baumgärtner , Alex Fabrikant , Reinald Kim Amplayo

Automatically predicting how difficult it is for humans to understand a code snippet can assist developers in tasks like deciding when and where to refactor. Despite many proposed code comprehensibility metrics, studies have shown they…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Nadeeshan De Silva , Martin Kellogg , Oscar Chaparro

The recent progress of artificial intelligence(AI) has shown great potentials for alleviating human burden in various complex tasks. From the view of software engineering, AI techniques can be seen in many fundamental aspects of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Wenhe Zhang , Jin He , Kevin Song

Large language models have exhibited intriguing in-context learning capability, achieving promising zero- and few-shot performance without updating the parameters. However, conventional in-context learning is usually restricted by length…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-14 Yaru Hao , Yutao Sun , Li Dong , Zhixiong Han , Yuxian Gu , Furu Wei