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We present a scalable and precise verifier for recurrent neural networks, called Prover based on two novel ideas: (i) a method to compute a set of polyhedral abstractions for the non-convex and nonlinear recurrent update functions by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Wonryong Ryou , Jiayu Chen , Mislav Balunovic , Gagandeep Singh , Andrei Dan , Martin Vechev

Fine-tuning is now the primary method for adapting large neural networks, but it also introduces new integrity risks. An untrusted party can insert backdoors, change safety behavior, or overwrite large parts of a model while claiming only…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Zhenhang Shang , Kani Chen

We propose an efficient way to output better calibrated uncertainty scores from neural networks. The Distilled Dropout Network (DDN) makes standard (non-Bayesian) neural networks more introspective by adding a new training loss which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-28 Corina Gurau , Alex Bewley , Ingmar Posner

AI Safety is a major concern in many deep learning applications such as autonomous driving. Given a trained deep learning model, an important natural problem is how to reliably verify the model's prediction. In this paper, we propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Tong Che , Xiaofeng Liu , Site Li , Yubin Ge , Ruixiang Zhang , Caiming Xiong , Yoshua Bengio

Advanced test-time computing strategies are essential for scaling reasoning models, but their effectiveness is capped by the models' poor self-evaluation. We propose a pairwise Explanatory Verifier, trained via reinforcement learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Anisha Garg , Engin Tekin , Yash More , David Bick , Nishit Neema , Ganesh Venkatesh

The testing of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) has become increasingly important as DNNs are widely adopted by safety critical systems. While many test adequacy criteria have been suggested, automated test input generation for many types of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Sungmin Kang , Robert Feldt , Shin Yoo

The Kaldi toolkit is becoming popular for constructing automated speech recognition (ASR) systems. Meanwhile, in recent years, deep neural networks (DNNs) have shown state-of-the-art performance on various ASR tasks. This document describes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-01-28 Yajie Miao

Convex relaxations have emerged as a promising approach for verifying desirable properties of neural networks like robustness to adversarial perturbations. Widely used Linear Programming (LP) relaxations only work well when networks are…

Due to the vast testing space, the increasing demand for effective and efficient testing of deep neural networks (DNNs) has led to the development of various DNN test case prioritization techniques. However, the fact that DNNs can deliver…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Jialuo Chen , Jingyi Wang , Xiyue Zhang , Youcheng Sun , Marta Kwiatkowska , Jiming Chen , Peng Cheng

A deep neural network (DNN) is said to be undistillable if, when used as a black-box input-output teacher, it cannot be distilled through knowledge distillation (KD). In this case, the distilled student (referred to as the knockoff student)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Linfeng Ye , Shayan Mohajer Hamidi , En-hui Yang

Constraint solving is an elementary way for verification of deep neural networks (DNN). In the domain of AI safety, a DNN might be modified in its structure and parameters for its repair or attack. For such situations, we propose the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Pengfei Yang , Zhiming Chi , Zongxin Liu , Mengyu Zhao , Cheng-Chao Huang , Shaowei Cai , Lijun Zhang

Concerned with the reliability of neural networks, researchers have developed verification techniques to prove their robustness. Most verifiers work with real-valued networks. Unfortunately, the exact (complete and sound) verifiers face…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Kai Jia , Martin Rinard

Neural network verification is an active and rapidly maturing research area, with a growing ecosystem of solvers and tools. The VNN-LIB standard was introduced to support interoperability in this ecosystem, but Version~1.0 has several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Ann Roy , Allen Antony , Andrea Gimelli , Matthew L. Daggitt

Extensive research on formal verification of machine learning systems indicates that learning from data alone often fails to capture underlying background knowledge, such as specifications implicitly available in the data. Various neural…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Thomas Flinkow , Barak A. Pearlmutter , Rosemary Monahan

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are powerful tools in computer vision tasks. However, in many realistic scenarios label noise is prevalent in the training images, and overfitting to these noisy labels can significantly harm the generalization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-01 Jan M. Köhler , Maximilian Autenrieth , William H. Beluch

Deep neural network (DNN) verification is an emerging field, with diverse verification engines quickly becoming available. Demonstrating the effectiveness of these engines on real-world DNNs is an important step towards their wider…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Sumathi Gokulanathan , Alexander Feldsher , Adi Malca , Clark Barrett , Guy Katz

Motivated by the success of traditional software testing, numerous diversity measures have been proposed for testing deep neural networks (DNNs). In this study, we propose a shift in perspective, advocating for the consideration of DNN…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Zi Wang , Jihye Choi , Ke Wang , Somesh Jha

Deep Neural Networks (DNN) have improved the quality of several non-safety related products in the past years. However, before DNNs should be deployed to safety-critical applications, their robustness needs to be systematically analyzed. A…

Many computational tasks can be naturally expressed as a composition of a DNN followed by a program written in a traditional programming language or an API call to an LLM. We call such composites "neural programs" and focus on the problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Alaia Solko-Breslin , Seewon Choi , Ziyang Li , Neelay Velingker , Rajeev Alur , Mayur Naik , Eric Wong

Deep neural networks (DNN) has received increasing attention in machine learning applications in the last several years. Recently, a non-asymptotic error bound has been developed to measure the performance of the fully connected DNN…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-15 Kejin Wu , Dimitris N. Politis