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Large Language Models (LLMs) inherit explicit and implicit biases from their training datasets. Identifying and mitigating biases in LLMs is crucial to ensure fair outputs, as they can perpetuate harmful stereotypes and misinformation. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Fatima Kazi , Alex Young , Yash Inani , Setareh Rafatirad

This paper investigates the subtle and often concealed biases present in Large Language Models (LLMs), focusing on implicit biases that may remain despite passing explicit bias tests. Implicit biases are significant because they influence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Serene Lim , María Pérez-Ortiz

Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a lucrative promise for scalable content moderation, including hate speech detection. However, they are also known to be brittle and biased against marginalised communities and dialects. This requires…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Ananya Malik , Kartik Sharma , Shaily Bhatt , Lynnette Hui Xian Ng

Due to the implement of guardrails by developers, Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional performance in explicit bias tests. However, bias in LLMs may occur not only explicitly, but also implicitly, much like humans who…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Xinru Lin , Luyang Li

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance, leading to their widespread adoption as decision-support tools in resource-constrained contexts like hiring and admissions. There is, however, scientific consensus that AI…

Large language models (LLMs) can pass explicit social bias tests but still harbor implicit biases, similar to humans who endorse egalitarian beliefs yet exhibit subtle biases. Measuring such implicit biases can be a challenge: as LLMs…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Xuechunzi Bai , Angelina Wang , Ilia Sucholutsky , Thomas L. Griffiths

Large Language Models (LLMs) are being adopted across a wide range of tasks, including decision-making processes in industries where bias in AI systems is a significant concern. Recent research indicates that LLMs can harbor implicit biases…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Divyanshu Kumar , Umang Jain , Sahil Agarwal , Prashanth Harshangi

Large language models (LLMs) have garnered significant attention for their remarkable performance in a continuously expanding set of natural language processing tasks. However, these models have been shown to harbor inherent societal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Abel Salinas , Louis Penafiel , Robert McCormack , Fred Morstatter

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in socially sensitive settings, raising concerns about fairness and biases, particularly across intersectional demographic attributes. In this paper, we systematically evaluate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Chaima Boufaied , Ronnie De Souza Santos , Ann Barcomb

Large Language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have gained popularity in recent years with the advancement of Natural Language Processing (NLP), with use cases spanning many disciplines and daily lives as well. LLMs inherit explicit and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Fatima Kazi

Advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have increased the performance of different natural language understanding as well as generation tasks. Although LLMs have breached the state-of-the-art performance in various tasks, they often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Charaka Vinayak Kumar , Ashok Urlana , Gopichand Kanumolu , Bala Mallikarjunarao Garlapati , Pruthwik Mishra

Large Language Models (LLM) have made significant advances in the recent past becoming more mainstream in Artificial Intelligence (AI) enabled human-facing applications. However, LLMs often generate stereotypical output inherited from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Wu Zekun , Sahan Bulathwela , Adriano Soares Koshiyama

Recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence, particularly in Large Language Models (LLMs), have transformed natural language processing by improving generative capabilities. However, detecting biases embedded within these models remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Suvendu Mohanty

Large language models are rapidly transforming social science research by enabling the automation of labor-intensive tasks like data annotation and text analysis. However, LLM outputs vary significantly depending on the implementation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Joachim Baumann , Paul Röttger , Aleksandra Urman , Albert Wendsjö , Flor Miriam Plaza-del-Arco , Johannes B. Gruber , Dirk Hovy

Large Language Models (LLMs) can generate biased responses. Yet previous direct probing techniques contain either gender mentions or predefined gender stereotypes, which are challenging to comprehensively collect. Hence, we propose an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Xiangjue Dong , Yibo Wang , Philip S. Yu , James Caverlee

Tabular machine learning problems often require time-consuming and labor-intensive feature engineering. Recent efforts have focused on using large language models (LLMs) to capitalize on their potential domain knowledge. At the same time,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Jaris Küken , Lennart Purucker , Frank Hutter

Over the last year, Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT have become widely available and have exhibited fairness issues similar to those in previous machine learning systems. Current research is primarily focused on analyzing and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Anna Kruspe

Large Language Models (LLMs) hold great promise in the task of code translation. However, the lack of explainability complicates the identification of the inevitable translation errors. In this paper, we propose tHinter, a debugging tool to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Shengnan Wu , Xinyu Sun , Xin Wang , Yangfan Zhou

Despite recent concerns about undesirable behaviors generated by large language models (LLMs), including non-factual, biased, and hateful language, we find LLMs are inherent multi-task language checkers based on their latent representations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-10 Tianhua Zhang , Hongyin Luo , Yung-Sung Chuang , Wei Fang , Luc Gaitskell , Thomas Hartvigsen , Xixin Wu , Danny Fox , Helen Meng , James Glass

Existing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are predominantly trained and tested on consistent visual-textual inputs, leaving open the question of whether they can handle inconsistencies in real-world, layout-rich content. To bridge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Qianqi Yan , Yue Fan , Hongquan Li , Shan Jiang , Yang Zhao , Xinze Guan , Ching-Chen Kuo , Xin Eric Wang
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