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In the literature the performance of quantum data transmission systems is usually evaluated in the absence of thermal noise. A more realistic approach taking into account the thermal noise is intrinsically more difficult because it requires…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-16 G. Cariolaro , G. Pierobon

Quantum computing is a game-changing technology for global academia, research centers and industries including computational science, mathematics, finance, pharmaceutical, materials science, chemistry and cryptography. Although it has seen…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-07 He-Liang Huang , Xiao-Yue Xu , Chu Guo , Guojing Tian , Shi-Jie Wei , Xiaoming Sun , Wan-Su Bao , Gui-Lu Long

Recently, we have been witnessing the scale-up of superconducting quantum computers; however, the noise of quantum bits (qubits) is still an obstacle for real-world applications to leveraging the power of quantum computing. Although there…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-11 Zhirui Hu , Youzuo Lin , Qiang Guan , Weiwen Jiang

Quantum computation promises to advance a wide range of computational tasks. However, current quantum hardware suffers from noise and is too small for error correction. Thus, accurately utilizing noisy quantum computers strongly relies on…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-16 Friedrich Wagner , Daniel J. Egger , Frauke Liers

The reduced density matrix (RDM) is crucial in quantum many-body systems for understanding physical properties, including all local physical quantity information. This study aims to minimize various error constraints that causes challenges…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-01 Nayuta Takemori , Yusuke Teranishi , Wataru Mizukami , Nobuyuki Yoshioka

The effects of noise are one of the most important factors to consider when it comes to quantum computing in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum computing (NISQ) era that we are currently in. Therefore, it is important not only to gain…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-07 T. Piskor , M. Schöndorf , M. Bauer , D. Smith , T. Ayral , S. Pogorzalek , A. Auer , M. Papič

We propose a quantum error mitigation method termed self-mitigation, which is comparable with zero-noise extrapolation, to achieve quantum utility on near-term, noisy quantum computers. We investigate the effectiveness of several quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-26 Seokwon Choi , Talal Ahmed Chowdhury , Kwangmin Yu

As a crossover frontier of physics and mechanics, quantum computing is showing its great potential in computational mechanics. However, quantum hardware noise remains a critical barrier to achieving accurate simulation results due to the…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Zengtao Kuang , Yongchun Xu , Qun Huang , Jie Yang , Chafik El Kihal , Heng Hu

Error-correcting codes were invented to correct errors on noisy communication channels. Quantum error correction (QEC), however, may have a wider range of uses, including information transmission, quantum simulation/computation, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-05 Ningping Cao , Junan Lin , David Kribs , Yiu-Tung Poon , Bei Zeng , Raymond Laflamme

Quantum error mitigation (QEM) is typically viewed as a suite of practical techniques for today's noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices, with limited relevance once fault-tolerant quantum computers become available. In this work, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-11 Zeyuan Zhou , Shaun Pexton , Aleksander Kubica , Yongshan Ding

Quantum state tomography is a fundamental task in quantum information science, enabling detailed characterization of correlations, entanglement, and electronic structure in quantum systems. However, its exponential measurement and…

The quantum computing devices of today have tens to hundreds of qubits that are highly susceptible to noise due to unwanted interactions with their environment. The theory of quantum error correction provides a scheme by which the effects…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-02 Akshaya Jayashankar , Prabha Mandayam

Until fault-tolerance becomes implementable at scale, quantum computing will heavily rely on noise mitigation techniques. While methods such as zero noise extrapolation with probabilistic error amplification (ZNE-PEA) and probabilistic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-25 Sergei Filippov , Matea Leahy , Matteo A. C. Rossi , Guillermo García-Pérez

Quantum computing not only holds the potential to solve long-standing problems in quantum physics, but also to offer speed-ups across a broad spectrum of other fields. However, due to the noise and the limited scale of current quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-05 Julien Gacon

The promise of quantum computing is closer to reality today than ever before, thanks to rapid progress in the development of quantum hardware. Even as qubit lifetimes and gate fidelities continue to improve, realizing robust, fault-tolerant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-02 Vismay Joshi , Anubhab Rudra , Sourav Dutta , Siddharth Dhomkar , Prabha Mandayam

Simulating electronic structure on a quantum computer requires encoding of fermionic systems onto qubits. Common encoding methods transform a fermionic system of $N$ spin-orbitals into an $N$-qubit system, but many of the fermionic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-07 Yu Shee , Pei-Kai Tsai , Cheng-Lin Hong , Hao-Chung Cheng , Hsi-Sheng Goan

The realization of fault-tolerant quantum computers remains a challenging endeavor, forcing state-of-the-art quantum hardware to rely heavily on noise mitigation techniques. Standard quantum error mitigation is typically based on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-06 Juan F. Martin , Giuseppe Cocco , Javier Fonollosa

Perfect state transfer (PST) through a spin chain can be theoretically obtained via predesigned PST couplings. However, the corresponding experiment on IBM quantum computers demonstrates low transmission success probability (SP) due to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-27 Zong-Yuan Ge , Lian-Ao Wu , Zhao-Ming Wang

Quantum utility has been severely limited in superconducting quantum hardware until now by the modest number of qubits and the relatively high level of control and readout errors, due to the intentional coupling with the external…

Quantum computation, a completely different paradigm of computing, benefits from theoretically proven speed-ups for certain problems and opens up the possibility of exactly studying the properties of quantum systems. Yet, because of the…