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Identifying causal relationships is a challenging yet crucial problem in many fields of science like epidemiology, climatology, ecology, genomics, economics and neuroscience, to mention only a few. Recent studies have demonstrated that…

Many languages' inflectional morphological systems are replete with irregulars, i.e., words that do not seem to follow standard inflectional rules. In this work, we quantitatively investigate the conditions under which irregulars can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-24 Ryan Cotterell , Christo Kirov , Mans Hulden , Jason Eisner

We describe an algorithm for simulating ultrasound propagation in random one-dimensional media, mimicking different microstructures by choosing physical properties such as domain sizes and mass densities from probability distributions. By…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2015-06-11 Paulo G. Normando , Romao S. Nascimento , Elineudo P. Moura , Andre P. Vieira

Modal synthesis methods are a long-standing approach for modelling distributed musical systems. In some cases extensions are possible in order to handle geometric nonlinearities. One such case is the high-amplitude vibration of a string,…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Victor Zheleznov , Stefan Bilbao , Alec Wright , Simon King

Detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) is a scaling analysis method used to quantify long-range power-law correlations in signals. Many physical and biological signals are ``noisy'', heterogeneous and exhibit different types of…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2009-11-07 Zhi Chen , Plamen Ch. Ivanov , Kun Hu , H. Eugene Stanley

A new approach for the analysis of Langevin-type stochastic processes in the presence of strong measurement noise is presented. For the case of Gaussian distributed, exponentially correlated, measurement noise it is possible to extract the…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2013-05-29 Bernd Lehle

Ordinal regression refers to classifying object instances into ordinal categories. Ordinal regression is crucial for applications in various areas like facial age estimation, image aesthetics assessment, and even cancer staging, due to its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Jinhong Wang , Jintai Chen , Jian Liu , Dongqi Tang , Danny Z. Chen , Jian Wu

Nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are powerful tools for modeling real-world dynamical systems. However, propagating initial state uncertainty through nonlinear dynamics, especially when the ODE is unknown and learned from…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-06 Peter Amorese , Morteza Lahijanian

Ergodicity breaking is a challenge for biological and psychological sciences. Ergodicity is a necessary condition for linear causal modeling. Long-range correlations and non-Gaussianity characterizing various biological and psychological…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2022-10-05 Damian G. Kelty-Stephen , Madhur Mangalam

Density deconvolution is the task of estimating a probability density function given only noise-corrupted samples. We can fit a Gaussian mixture model to the underlying density by maximum likelihood if the noise is normally distributed, but…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-14 Tim Dockhorn , James A. Ritchie , Yaoliang Yu , Iain Murray

We extend the statistical neurodynamics to study transient dynamics of sequence processing neural networks with finite dilution, and the theoretical results is supported by the extensive numerical simulations. It is found that the order…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Pan Zhang , Yong Chen

We study the rate of decay of the probability of error for distinguishing between a sparse signal with noise, modeled as a sparse mixture, from pure noise. This problem has many applications in signal processing, evolutionary biology,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-12-28 Jonathan G. Ligo , George V. Moustakides , Venugopal V. Veeravalli

We consider a general non-linear model where the signal is a finite mixture of an unknown, possibly increasing, number of features issued from a continuous dictionary parameterized by a real non-linear parameter. The signal is observed with…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-10 Cristina Butucea , Jean-François Delmas , Anne Dutfoy , Clément Hardy

One of the most popular methods of controlling dynamical systems is feedback. It can be used without acquiring detailed knowledge of the underlying system. In this work, we study the stability of fractional-order linear difference equations…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-04-26 Divya D. Joshi , Sachin Bhalekar , Prashant M. Gade

The use of the proportional odds (PO) model for ordinal regression is ubiquitous in the literature. If the assumption of parallel lines does not hold for the data, then an alternative is to specify a non-proportional odds (NPO) model, where…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-03-27 Trevelyan J. McKinley , Michelle Morters , James L. N. Wood

Fractional gradient descent has been studied extensively, with a focus on its ability to extend traditional gradient descent methods by incorporating fractional-order derivatives. This approach allows for more flexibility in navigating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Teodor Alexandru Szente , James Harrison , Mihai Zanfir , Cristian Sminchisescu

The goal of ordinal embedding is to represent items as points in a low-dimensional Euclidean space given a set of constraints in the form of distance comparisons like "item $i$ is closer to item $j$ than item $k$". Ordinal constraints like…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-06-24 Lalit Jain , Kevin Jamieson , Robert Nowak

The large scale fluctuations of the ordered state in active matter systems are usually characterised by studying the "giant number fluctuations" of particles in any finite volume, as compared to the expectations from the central limit…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2018-05-25 Supravat Dey , Dibyendu Das , R. Rajesh

For dynamical systems that can be modelled as asymptotically stable linear systems forced by Gaussian noise, this paper develops methods to infer or estimate their modes from observations in real time. The modes can be real or complex. For…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-30 Robert S. MacKay

We develop a framework to track the structure of temporal networks with a signal processing approach. The method is based on the duality between networks and signals using a multidimensional scaling technique. This enables a study of the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2015-05-13 Ronan Hamon , Pierre Borgnat , Patrick Flandrin , Céline Robardet