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In contemporary autonomous driving testing, virtual simulation has become an important approach due to its efficiency and cost effectiveness. However, existing methods usually rely on reinforcement learning to generate risky scenarios,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Chen Xiong , Cheng Wang , Yuhang Liu , Zirui Wu , Ye Tian

Recently, the diffusion model has emerged as a powerful generative technique for robotic policy learning, capable of modeling multi-mode action distributions. Leveraging its capability for end-to-end autonomous driving is a promising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Bencheng Liao , Shaoyu Chen , Haoran Yin , Bo Jiang , Cheng Wang , Sixu Yan , Xinbang Zhang , Xiangyu Li , Ying Zhang , Qian Zhang , Xinggang Wang

Autonomous driving systems require comprehensive evaluation in safety-critical scenarios to ensure safety and robustness. However, such scenarios are rare and difficult to collect from real-world driving data, necessitating simulation-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Zhulin Jiang , Zetao Li , Cheng Wang , Ziwen Wang , Chen Xiong

Evaluating autonomous vehicles with controllability enables scalable testing in counterfactual or structured settings, enhancing both efficiency and safety. We introduce LangTraj, a language-conditioned scene-diffusion model that simulates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Wei-Jer Chang , Wei Zhan , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Manmohan Chandraker , Francesco Pittaluga

Autonomous vehicles have the potential to lower the accident rate when compared to human driving. Moreover, it is the driving force of the automated vehicles' rapid development over the last few years. In the higher Society of Automotive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Dhanoop Karunakaran , Julie Stephany Berrio , Stewart Worrall , Eduardo Nebot

Generating realistic simulations is critical for autonomous system applications such as self-driving and human-robot interactions. However, driving simulators nowadays still have difficulty in generating controllable, diverse, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Yue Meng , Chuchu fan

Simulation is an indispensable tool in the development and testing of autonomous vehicles (AVs), offering an efficient and safe alternative to road testing. An outstanding challenge with simulation-based testing is the generation of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Peide Huang , Wenhao Ding , Benjamin Stoler , Jonathan Francis , Bingqing Chen , Ding Zhao

Autonomous vehicles rely heavily upon their perception subsystems to see the environment in which they operate. Unfortunately, the effect of variable weather conditions presents a significant challenge to object detection algorithms, and…

Existing traffic simulation models often fall short in capturing the intricacies of real-world scenarios, particularly the interactive behaviors among multiple traffic participants, thereby limiting their utility in the evaluation and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zhiyu Huang , Zixu Zhang , Ameya Vaidya , Yuxiao Chen , Chen Lv , Jaime Fernández Fisac

Interactive decision-making is essential in applications such as autonomous driving, where the agent must infer the behavior of nearby human drivers while planning in real-time. Traditional predict-then-act frameworks are often insufficient…

Simulation-based design, optimization, and validation of autonomous vehicles have proven to be crucial for their improvement over the years. Nevertheless, the ultimate measure of effectiveness is their successful transition from simulation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Chinmay Vilas Samak , Tanmay Vilas Samak , Bing Li , Venkat Krovi

Simulation is critical for safety evaluation in autonomous driving, particularly in capturing complex interactive behaviors. However, generating realistic and controllable traffic scenarios in long-tail situations remains a significant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Haohong Lin , Xin Huang , Tung Phan-Minh , David S. Hayden , Huan Zhang , Ding Zhao , Siddhartha Srinivasa , Eric M. Wolff , Hongge Chen

Ensuring the safety and robustness of autonomous driving systems necessitates a comprehensive evaluation in safety-critical scenarios. However, these safety-critical scenarios are rare and difficult to collect from real-world driving data,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Mingxing Peng , Yuting Xie , Xusen Guo , Ruoyu Yao , Hai Yang , Jun Ma

Safety-critical scenarios are infrequent in natural driving environments but hold significant importance for the training and testing of autonomous driving systems. The prevailing approach involves generating safety-critical scenarios…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Yuting Xie , Xianda Guo , Cong Wang , Kunhua Liu , Long Chen

This paper addresses the problem of generating dynamically admissible trajectories for control tasks using diffusion models, particularly in scenarios where the environment is complex and system dynamics are crucial for practical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Darshan Gadginmath , Fabio Pasqualetti

In this paper, we present a novel trajectory prediction model for autonomous driving, combining a Characterized Diffusion Module and a Spatial-Temporal Interaction Network to address the challenges posed by dynamic and heterogeneous traffic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Haoming Li

Data for training learning-enabled self-driving cars in the physical world are typically collected in a safe, normal environment. Such data distribution often engenders a strong bias towards safe driving, making self-driving cars unprepared…

Acting in cluttered environments requires predicting and avoiding collisions while still achieving precise control. Conventional optimization-based controllers can enforce physical constraints, but they struggle to produce feasible…

Autonomous driving and its widespread adoption have long held tremendous promise. Nevertheless, without a trustworthy and thorough testing procedure, not only does the industry struggle to mass-produce autonomous vehicles (AV), but neither…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Haoyi Niu , Kun Ren , Yizhou Xu , Ziyuan Yang , Yichen Lin , Yi Zhang , Jianming Hu

How can we reliably simulate future driving scenarios under a wide range of ego driving behaviors? Recent driving world models, developed exclusively on real-world driving data composed mainly of safe expert trajectories, struggle to follow…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Jiazhi Yang , Kashyap Chitta , Shenyuan Gao , Long Chen , Yuqian Shao , Xiaosong Jia , Hongyang Li , Andreas Geiger , Xiangyu Yue , Li Chen