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Minecraft, as an open-world virtual interactive environment, has become a prominent platform for research on agent decision-making and execution. Existing works primarily adopt a single Large Language Model (LLM) agent to complete various…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Qi Chai , Zhang Zheng , Junlong Ren , Deheng Ye , Zichuan Lin , Hao Wang

Effective clinical decision-making depends on iterative, multimodal reasoning across diverse sources of evidence. The recent emergence of multimodal reasoning models has significantly transformed the landscape of solving complex tasks.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Zhongzhen Huang , Linjie Mu , Yakun Zhu , Xiangyu Zhao , Shaoting Zhang , Xiaofan Zhang

The iterated prisoner's dilemma is a game that produces many counter-intuitive and complex behaviors in a social environment, based on very simple basic rules. It illustrates that cooperation can be a good thing even in a competitive world,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-09-07 Robert Prentner

Long-horizon embodied intelligence requires agents to improve through interaction, not merely to execute plans generated from static goals. A central challenge is therefore to transform past executions into knowledge that can shape future…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zhengwei Xie , Zhisheng Chen , Ziyan Weng , Jinhan Li , Chenglong Li , Zikai Xiao , Jingwei Song , Jinhao Jing , Vireo Zhang , Kun Wang

State abstraction is an effective technique for planning in robotics environments with continuous states and actions, long task horizons, and sparse feedback. In object-oriented environments, predicates are a particularly useful form of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Amber Li , Tom Silver

An embodied task such as embodied question answering (EmbodiedQA), requires an agent to explore the environment and collect clues to answer a given question that related with specific objects in the scene. The solution of such task usually…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Yang Wu , Shirui Feng , Guanbin Li , Liang Lin

Social deduction games have become a popular testbed for probing reasoning, deception, coordination, and belief modeling in Large Language Model (LLM) agents. However, most environments are scored only by game outcomes such as win rates and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Ye Yuan , Rui Song , Weien Li , Zeyu Li , Haochen Liu , Xiangyu Kong , Changjiang Han , Yonghan Yang , Zichen Zhao , Zixuan Dong , Fuyuan Lyu , Bowei He , Haolun Wu , Jikun Kang , Xue Liu

Multi-agent debates have been introduced to improve the accuracy of Large Language Models (LLMs) by having multiple agents discuss solutions to a problem over several rounds of debate. However, models often generate incorrect yet…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Luke Yoffe , Alfonso Amayuelas , William Yang Wang

Recent audio-aware large language models (ALLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities across diverse audio understanding and reasoning tasks, but they still frequently produce hallucinated or overly confident outputs. While uncertainty…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-29 Chun-Yi Kuan , Wei-Ping Huang , Hung-yi Lee

Embodied agents powered by large language models (LLMs) inherit advanced planning capabilities; however, their direct interaction with the physical world exposes them to safety vulnerabilities. In this work, we identify four key reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Ruolin Chen , Yinqian Sun , Jihang Wang , Mingyang Lv , Qian Zhang , Yi Zeng

Although LLMs demonstrate proficiency in several text-based reasoning and planning tasks, their implementation in robotics control is constrained by significant deficiencies: (1) LLM agents are designed to work mainly with textual inputs…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Shuang Ao , Flora D. Salim , Simon Khan

Enabling embodied agents to complete complex human instructions from natural language is crucial to autonomous systems in household services. Conventional methods can only accomplish human instructions in the known environment where all…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Zhenyu Wu , Ziwei Wang , Xiuwei Xu , Hang Yin , Yinan Liang , Angyuan Ma , Jiwen Lu , Haibin Yan

The rapid advancing of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has spurred interest in complex multimodal reasoning tasks in the real-world and virtual environment, which require coordinating multiple abilities, including visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Ziyue Wang , Yurui Dong , Fuwen Luo , Minyuan Ruan , Zhili Cheng , Chi Chen , Peng Li , Yang Liu

Eliciting reasoning has emerged as a powerful technique for improving the performance of large language models (LLMs) on complex tasks by inducing thinking. However, their effectiveness in realistic user-engaged agent scenarios remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Jiatong Li , Changdae Oh , Hyeong Kyu Choi , Jindong Wang , Sharon Li

Hallucination continues to pose a major obstacle in the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Although the Multi-Agent Debate (MAD) paradigm offers a promising solution by promoting consensus among multiple agents to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Dayong Liang , Xiao-Yong Wei , Changmeng Zheng

Dialogue agents that interact with humans in situated environments need to manage referential ambiguity across multiple modalities and ask for help as needed. However, it is not clear what kinds of questions such agents should ask nor how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-14 Felix Gervits , Gordon Briggs , Antonio Roque , Genki A. Kadomatsu , Dean Thurston , Matthias Scheutz , Matthew Marge

When designing agents for operation in uncertain environments, designers need tools to automatically reason about what agents ought to do, how that conflicts with what is actually happening, and how a policy might be modified to remove the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Colin Shea-Blymyer , Houssam Abbas

Giving autonomous agents the ability to forecast their own outcomes and uncertainty will allow them to communicate their competencies and be used more safely. We accomplish this by using a learned world model of the agent system to forecast…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Aastha Acharya , Rebecca Russell , Nisar R. Ahmed

From marketing to politics, exploitation of incomplete information through selective communication of arguments is ubiquitous. In this work, we focus on development of an argumentation-theoretic model for manipulable multi-agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Ryuta Arisaka , Makoto Hagiwara , Takayuki Ito

Collaboration is a cornerstone of society. In the real world, human teammates make use of multi-sensory data to tackle challenging tasks in ever-changing environments. It is essential for embodied agents collaborating in visually-rich…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Qian Long , Zhi Li , Ran Gong , Ying Nian Wu , Demetri Terzopoulos , Xiaofeng Gao