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We determine the Hausdorff dimension of sets of irrationals in $(0,1)$ whose partial quotients in semi-regular continued fractions obey certain restrictions and growth conditions. This result substantially generalizes that of the second…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-07-18 Yuto Nakajima , Hiroki Takahasi

Fix an irrational number $\theta$. For a real number $\tau >0$, consider the numbers $y$ satisfying that for all large number $Q$, there exists an integer $1\leq n\leq Q$, such that $\|n\theta-y\|<Q^{-\tau}$, where $\|\cdot\|$ is the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-08-22 Dong Han Kim , Lingmin Liao

Let $\Psi :[1,\infty )\rightarrow \mathbb{R}_{+}$ be a non-decreasing function, $a_{n}(x)$ the $n$'{th} partial quotient of $x$ and $q_{n}(x)$ the denominator of the $n$'{th} convergent. The set of $\Psi $-Dirichlet non-improvable numbers…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-05-20 Ayreena Bakhtawar , Philip Bos , Mumtaz Hussain

Let $\psi:\mathbb R_+\to\mathbb R_+$ be a non-increasing function. A real number $x$ is said to be $\psi$-Dirichlet improvable if it admits an improvement to Dirichlet's theorem in the following sense: the system $$|qx-p|< \, \psi(t) \ \…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-04-25 Mumtaz Hussain , Dmitry Kleinbock , Nick Wadleigh , Bao-Wei Wang

We develop the Mass Transference Principle for rectangles of Wang \& Wu (Math. Ann. 2021) to incorporate the `unbounded' setup; that is, when along some direction the lower order (at infinity) of the side lengths of the rectangles under…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-25 Bing Li , Lingmin Liao , Baowei Wnag , Sanju Velani , Evgeniy Zorin

Following the development of weighted asymptotic approximation properties of matrices, we introduce the analogous uniform approximation properties (that is, study the improvability of Dirichlet's Theorem). An added feature is the use of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-02-25 Dmitry Kleinbock , Anurag Rao

We establish sharp bounds for the Hausdorff dimension of sets of irrational numbers in $(0,1)$ whose digits in the $N$-expansion are either uniformly bounded or tend to infinity. For sets with digits bounded by an integer $M \ge N$, we…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Andreea Catalina Chitu , Gabriela Ileana Sebe , Dan Lascu

We look at the rate of growth of the partial quotients of the infinite continued fraction expansion of an irrational number relative to the rate of approximation of the number by its convergents. In non-generic cases the Hausdorff dimension…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2008-06-30 Andrew Haas

For an infinite iterated function system $\mathbf{f}$ on $[0,1]$ with an attractor $\Lambda(\mathbf{f})$ and for an infinite subset $D\subseteq \mathbb{N}$, consider the set \[ \mathbb E(\mathbf{f},D)= \{ x \in \Lambda(\mathbf{f}):…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-01-01 Gerardo González Robert , Mumtaz Hussain , Nikita Shulga , Hiroki Takahasi

For a norm $F$ on $\mathbb{R}^2$, we consider the set of $F$-Dirichlet improvable numbers $\mathbf{DI}_F$. In the most important case of $F$ being an $L_p$-norm with $p=\infty$, which is a supremum norm, it is well-known that $\mathbf{DI}_F…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-06 Nikolay Moshchevitin , Nikita Shulga

We provide a closed formula of Bowen type for the Hausdorff dimension of a very general shrinking target scheme generated by the non-autonomous dynamical system on the interval $[0,1)$, viewed as $\mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z}$, corresponding to a…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-09-08 Lior Fishman , Bill Mance , David Simmons , Mariusz Urbanski

In this survey article, we explore a central theme in Diophantine approximation inspired by a celebrated result of Besicovitch on the Hausdorff dimension of well approximable real numbers. We outline some of the key developments stemming…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-18 Victor Beresnevich , Sanju Velani

In this paper, we investigate the Hausdorff dimension of naturally occurring sets of inhomogeneous well-approximable points with a sequence of real invertible matrices $\mathcal{A}=(A_n)_{n\in\mathbb{N}}$. Specifically, for a given point…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-17 Zhang-nan Hu , Junjie Huang , Bing Li , Jun Wu

The irrationality exponent of a real number measures how well that number can be approximated by rationals. Real numbers with irrationality exponent strictly greater than $2$ are transcendental numbers, and form a set with rich fractal…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-30 Hiroki Takahasi

We prove a quantitative distortion theorem for iterated function systems that generate sets of continued fractions. As a consequence, we obtain upper and lower bounds on the Hausdorff dimension of any set of real or complex continued…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-02-25 Daniel Ingebretson

Let $\psi:\mathbb R_+\to\mathbb R_+$ be a non-increasing function. A real number $x$ is said to be $\psi$-Dirichlet improvable if the system $$|qx-p|< \, \psi(t) \ \ {\text{and}} \ \ |q|<t$$ has a non-trivial integer solution for all large…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-08-22 Philip Bos , Mumtaz Hussain , David Simmons

We study the continued fractions with bounded odd/even-order partial quotients. In particular, we investigate the sizes of the sets of continued fractions whose odd-order partial quotients are equal to 1. We demonstrate that the sum and the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-22 Yuefeng Tang

Let $x=[a_1(x),a_2(x),\ldots]$ be the continued fraction expansion of $x\in[0,1)$. We prove that the Hausdorff dimension of \begin{equation*}E_{even}=\{x\in[0,1)\colon a_{2n}(x)\to\infty\ (n\to\infty)\}.\end{equation*} is 1/2. In general,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-03 Yuefeng Tang

In this paper, we study inhomogeneous Diophantine approximation with rational numbers of reduced form. The central object to study is the set $W(f,\theta)$ as follows, \begin{eqnarray*} \left\{x\in [0,1]:\left…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-09-28 Han Yu

We develop the theory of Diophantine approximation for systems of simultaneously small linear forms, which coefficients are drawn from any given analytic non-degenerate manifolds. This setup originates from a problem of Sprind\v{z}uk from…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-07-04 Victor Beresnevich , Vasili Bernik , Natalia Budarina